摘要:
分析比较2001～2010年福建省审定152个水稻品种的育种途径、主要不育系以及审定品种的产量、抗性、品质等主要性状。结果表明:三系法杂交稻组合133个,占87.5%;二系法杂交稻组合13个,占8.6%;常规稻品种6个,占3.9%。三系法仍然是当前福建省水稻育种主要方法。146个杂交稻组合使用了55个不育系,其中三系法不育系47个,占85.5%,二系法不育系8个,占14.5%;有Ⅱ-32A、龙特甫A、冈46A、D62A、谷丰A、天丰A、金23A、和SE21S等8个不育系配组5个杂交稻组合以上,是目前福建省杂交稻育种的主要不育系。稻谷单产比对照增产6%以上(含6%)、中感稻瘟病以上(含中感)、米质达三等部颁食用籼米标准以上(含三等)和直链淀粉含量在15%～20%之间等4项品种性状,其中3项品种性状达标的有:Ⅱ优沈98,乐优94,eⅡ优315,Ⅱ优039,闽丰优3301,秋优125、玉优一号,江优明62、两优航2号和金农2优3号等10个品种;4项品种性状达标的有金农2优3号。
Abstract:
Breeding of the 152 rice varieties that were examined and approved during 2001 and 2010 in Fujian mainly involved with sterile lines and varieties with good comprehensive traits.Our analysis indicated that: There were 133 three-line-hybrid combinations(i.e.,87.5% of total),13 two-line-hybrid combinations(i.e.,8.6%),6 conventional new varieties(i.e.,3.9%),and the three-line method remained to be the major breeding method for rice;Of 146 hybrid rice combinations,55 sterile lines were used,among which three-line-sterile lines were 47(i.e.,85.5%),two-line-sterile lines were 8(i.e.,14.5%),and each of the 8 sterile lines,such as II-32 A,Long Tefu A,Gang 46A,D62A,GufengA,TianfengA,Jin23A,SE21S,etc.,was applied to make over 5 hybrid rice combinations,which were the major sterile lines in the province;and According to the established criteria,the yield of a newly bred variety should at least increase by 6%,its resistance to rice blast be above moderate level,the rice quality be equal or better than the third-class eating Indica rice standard issued by the Department of Agriculture,and its amylose content be 15%-20%;by comparing to CK,there were 10 varieties,i.e.,IIyoushen98,Leyou 94,eIIyou 315,IIyou 039,Minfengyou 3301,Qiuyou 125,Yuyou No.1,Jiangyouming 62,Liangyouhang No.2,Jinnon 2 you 3,etc.,that met three of the criteria,and only Jinnon 2 you 3 met all four criteria.These varieties,due to their great yield potential and high economic values,could be recommended for large-scale plantation.
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