摘要:
本试验于1981年～1984年连续四年在本所移动式防雨棚的测坑进行。研究土壤水分与甘蔗生理功能和产量及蔗糖份的关系,分生长盛期和工艺成熟期两个阶段探讨。生长盛期研究结果表明,叶绿素含量、光合强度、蒸腾强度、自由水和束缚水的比值等生理功能,随土壤水分的递增而增强。土壤持水量达到70～80%时,增强的趋势趋于缓慢;蔗茎产量也极明显地随土壤水分的递增而增加,但土壤持水量70～80%和90～100%的两处理未达显著性差异;工艺成熟期土壤水分虽保持正常,但生长盛期如严重缺水,蔗糖份有明显下降的趋势。此期土壤持水量以70～80%为宜。工艺成熟期研究结果表明,土壤持水量增加,甘蔗蔗糖份极明显下降。土壤持水量增加10%,蔗糖份下降0.32～0.5%;对蔗茎产量的提高无明显的作用。此期土壤持水量应以30～40%为宜。生长盛期水分生理指标研究结果,以叶片吸取力11.5巴为临界线,超过此值即应灌溉。
Abstract:
This experiment was conducted for four years running(1981-1984)in our institute, at the testing pit under a movable rain shelter, in order to study the effect of soil moisture on the physiological function, yield and sugar content of sugarcane. The tests were carried out at the fast-growing stage(FGS)of the cane and the maturing-stage for cane processing(MSP).The tests at FGS indicate that 1)physiological functions such as chlorophyll content, intensities of photosynthesis and transpiration, ratio of free water and bound water, increase with soil water; 2)the increase shows a declining tendency when the water holding capacity(WHC)reaches 70-80%; 3)cane yields increase most significantly with soil water, but the increases of the two treatments at the WHC’S of 70-80% and 90-100% do not show significant difference; 4)sugar content decreases significantly if water deficiency occurs seriously at FGS, in spite of normal soil poisture at MSP.The tests at MSP show that 1)sugar content decreases most significantly with the increase of WHC(the former decreases by 0.32-0.5% as the latter increases at 10%); 2)the increase of WHC has no marked effect on cane yields; 3)the WHC’S of 30-40% are adequate.The physiological indexes of water at FGS tests indicate that irrigation is necessary as the intake force of cane leaves is above the critical level of 11.5 bar.
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