An Evaluation Protocol for Fire Blight Resistance of Pear Cultivars
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摘要:
目的 利用梨幼果建立梨火疫病(Erwinia amylovora)抗性资源评价体系,筛选出对梨火疫病具有抗性的材料,为抗病育种提供技术支撑。 方法 以36个梨品种和41个库尔勒香梨杂交后代为材料,利用人工接种的方式对幼果期、膨大期和成熟期的果实进行接种试验,并根据接种后致病力的强弱,制定梨品种(种质)的抗性分级指标,综合评价77份种质资源的抗病水平。 结果 与梨果实膨大期和成熟期相比,接种幼果期果实更能准确评估梨品种(种质)的抗性水平;在接种24 h后,梨幼果开始显症;77个品种(种质)对梨火疫病的抗性水平差异显著,高感品种(种质)13个,感病品种(种质)11个,中感品种(种质)27个,抗病品种(种质)26个;供试品种(种质)对梨火疫病的抗性不高,其中只有33.77%的品种(种质)表现抗病性,66.23%的品种(种质)不同程度感病。 结论 本研究建立以梨果实的幼果期为接种时期,在接种24 h时开始观察发病情况的梨火疫病抗性资源评价体系;从供试品种(种质)筛选出的26份材料达到抗性水平,为培育新的抗性品种提供参考。 Abstract:Objective A simple method to evaluate the fire blight disease resistance of pear cultivars was developed. Method Fruits of 77 pear germplasms, including 36 cultivars and 41 hybrid progenies of Korla fragrant pear, were artificially infected with Erwinia amylovora at young, expansion, and ripening stages to examine the pathogenic responses. A protocol for grading the disease resistance of the germplasms was proposed. Results It appeared that, 24 h after an artificial E. amylovora inoculation, the fruits at young stage more than at expansion or ripening stage displayed symptoms sufficient for an effective assessment of the resistance of the pear plants. Using the method, significant variations on the disease resistance were observed on the 77 germplasms. Of the cultivars, 13 were shown to be highly susceptible to the infection, 11 susceptible, 27 moderately susceptible, and 26 resistant (i.e., 33.77% of the total). Conclusion The system to evaluate and determine the resistance of a pear cultivar to fire blight was developed. It was based on the response of the young fruits to a pathogenic inoculation with E. amylovora. In 24 h after the artificial infection on the fruits, 26 of the 77 sampled germplasms were determined to be resistant to the disease and could be used for breeding purposes. -
Key words:
- pear /
- Korla fragrant pear /
- hybrid progenies /
- Erwinia amylovora /
- resistance /
- evaluation
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表 1 供试梨品种和库尔勒香梨杂交后代
Table 1. Selected pear cultivars and hybrid progenies of Korla fragrant pear for testing
种类
Species数量
Number名称
Name栽培品种
Cultivated varieties36 库尔勒香梨、新梨七号、小水晶、矮化梨、水晶、晚秀、黄花、绿云、雪英、洋梨、早生黄金、新高、新世纪、杜梨、雅青、华山、杂交梨、鸭梨、元黄、黄冠、踏青、抗青、爱宕、巴梨、市水、琥珀、西子绿、学峰、翠玉、天皇、玛瑙、砀山梨、考密斯、改接、甘泉、南水 库尔勒香梨杂交后代
Hybrid progenies of Korla fragrant pear41 85-4-2、85-8-37、84-22-1、85-2-16诱变、84-17-1、84-13-2、84-21-1、85-2-16、85-2-23、85-8-16、85-10-10诱变、85-10-2、84-13-5、84-8-2、85-10-7、85-9-6、84-8-1、85-13-7、85-6-18、85-16-2、85-15-9、85-8-6、85-14-2、85-7-1、85-9-7、84-14-1、85-12-12、85-12-19、85-10-10、85-8-3、85-7-5、85-18-17、85-12-21、85-16-4、85-12-18、85-8-15、85-14-4、85-15-10、85-12-24、85-8-18、85-8-13 表 2 供试梨品种和库尔勒香梨杂交后代在不同时间点的病情指数
Table 2. Disease indicators on pear cultivars and hybrid progenies of Korla fragrant pear at different sampling times
接种后时间
Hours post inoculation/h新梨七号
Xinli No.7库尔勒香梨
Korla fragrant pear84-17-1 24 2.42±0.34 d 1.87±0.5 d 0 d 36 25.70±0.95 c 20.86±2.20 c 18.56±3.29 c 48 50.45±2.24 b 31.33±2.62 b 52.39±1.90 b 60 59.30±1.98 a 71.61±2.11 a 62.61±2.01 a 同列数据后不同小写字母表示同一品种不同时间之间差异显著(P<0.05)。
Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences at different times at P<0.05.表 3 不同梨品种的抗病性分级
Table 3. Disease resistance classifications of pear varieties
梨品种
Pear varieties病情指数
Disease indexes(50 h)抗性级别
Resistance levels梨品种
Pear varieties病情指数
Disease indexes(50 h)抗性级别
Resistance levels水晶 Crystal pear 65.52±2.61 a HS 早生黄金 Zaoshenghuangjin 21.84±0.56 l MS 矮化梨 Pyrus communis L. 62.56±2.03 b HS 杜梨Pyrus betulifolia Bunge 21.87±0.71 l MS 新梨七号 Xinli No.7 57.68±1.93 c HS 新世纪 Xinshiji 21.87±0.83 l MS 小水晶(小宋) Crystal(Xiaosong) 50.10±0.99 d HS 洋梨 Eurapean pears 20.85±0.75 m MS 库尔勒香梨 Korla fragrant pear 35.72±2.09 e S 南水 Nanshui 18.76±0.55 n R 雪英 Xueying 34.37±2.09 f S 甘泉 Ganquan 18.22±0.52 o R 绿云 Lvyun 34.17±2.97 f S 改接 Gaijie 17.82±0.59 p R 黄花 Huanghua 31.28±2.04 g S 考密斯 Comice 16.68±0.57 q R 晚秀 Wanxiu 30.73±0.54 h S 砀山梨 Dangshan pear 15.87±0.87 r R 踏青 Taqing 28.18±0.55 i MS 雪峰 Xuefeng 15.63±0.68 rs R 鸭梨 Yali 25.07±0.40 j MS 玛瑙 Manao 15.59±0.38 s R 华山 Huashan 25.09±0.24 j MS 翠玉 Cuiyu 14.27±0.23 t R 杂交梨 Crossbred pear 25.06±0.47 j MS 天皇 Tianhuang 14.38±0.26 t R 黄冠 Huangguan 25.07±0.19 j MS 西子绿 Xizilv 11.24±0.17 u R 抗青 Kangqing 25.07±0.13 j MS 琥珀 Hupo 9.95±0.86 v R 元黄 Yuanhuang 25.06±0.23 j MS 市水 Shishui 5.00±0.12 w R 雅青 Yaqing 24.64±0.46 k MS 巴梨 Bartlett pear 4.78±0.37 w R 新高 Xingao 21.77±0.39 l MS 爱宕 Aidang 2.81±0.80 x R 同列数据后不同小写字母表示各品种之间差异显著(P<0.05 )。
Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences between different varieties at P<0.05.表 4 不同库尔勒香梨杂交后代的抗病性分级
Table 4. Disease resistance classifications of hybrid progenies of Korla fragrant pear
库尔勒香梨杂交后代
Hybrid progenies of
Korla fragrant pear病情指数
Disease indexes
(50 h)抗性级别
Resistance
levels85-4-2 72.66±3.31 a HS 85-8-37 67.51±3.02 b HS 84-22-1 61.48±3.53 c HS 85-2-16诱变 52.25±2.03 d HS 84-17-1 52.23±1.96 d HS 84-13-2 48.60±2.02 e HS 84-21-1 46.44±2.08 f HS 85-2-16 41.65±2.97 g HS 85-2-23 40.64±2.03 h HS 85-8-16 37.52±3.05 i S 85-10-10诱变 35.01±2.22 j S 85-10-2 35.06±1.96 j S 84-13-5 33.53±2.22 k S 84-8-2 31.27±2.04 l S 85-10-7 30.56±2.04 m S 85-9-6 28.22±2.11 n MS 84-8-1 25.21±2.10 o MS 85-13-7 25.09±1.08 o MS 85-6-18 25.10±1.07 o MS 85-16-2 25.10±0.99 o MS 85-15-9 25.11±1.02 o MS 85-8-6 22.27±1.03 p MS 85-14-2 22.28±1.04 p MS 85-7-1 22.22±1.01 pq MS 85-9-7 22.23±1.97 pq MS 85-8-15 22.21±1.98 pq MS 84-14-1 22.23±1.51 pq MS 85-12-12 21.92±1.40 q MS 85-12-19 21.45±1.51 r MS 85-10-10 18.80±1.05 s R 85-8-3 17.89±1.04 t R 85-7-5 17.86±1.29 t R 85-18-17 15.93±1.21 u R 85-16-4 14.26±1.19 v R 85-12-21 12.48±0.98 w R 85-14-4 12.50±0.98 w R 85-8-18 12.51±1.19 w R 85-12-18 12.50±1.21 w R 85-8-13 10.72±0.73 x R 85-15-10 9.36±0.47 y R 85-12-24 6.25±0.18 z R 同列数据后不同小写字母表示库尔勒香梨杂交后代之间差异显著(P<0.05 )。
Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences between different hybrid progenies of Korla fragrant pear at P<0.05. -
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