摘要:
利用引进台湾等地具有代表性的20个甜糯玉米品种为材料,采用随机区组设计,对玉米的株高等9个主要农艺性状进行变异系数、相关性和通径分析。结果表明:9个性状均有不同程度的变异,其中秃尖、穗位、小区产量、穗行数的变异系数较大,千粒重和出籽率的变异系数相对较小;在相关性上,小区产量与穗长、行粒数、出籽率均呈极显著的遗传正相关,出籽率与产量的相关系数最大,而与株高、穗位、秃尖长呈负相关。通径分析结果也表明:出籽率与产量的直接通径系数最大,穗长、穗行数、行粒数、株高对产量的直接通径系数为正值,千粒重、穗位高、秃尖长与产量的直接通径系数为负值。在性状选择上,首先对变异大的性状进行选择是非常重要的。在品种选择上,应注意选择产量和出籽率、行粒数、穗行数、穗长均高的品种。
关键词:
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玉米 /
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农艺性状 /
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遗传变异 /
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相关分析 /
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通径分析 /
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产量
Abstract:
Using 20 representative sweet-waxy maize varieties imported from Taiwan,with randomized block design,9 main agronomic characters such like plant height etc,were used for study variation coefficient,correlation analysis and path analysis.The results showed that 9 characters all had different variation,among them barren tip,ear height,yield per plot,and ear rows have bigger variation coefficient,1000-kernel weight and kernel rate have smaller variation coefficient.By correlation analysis indicated yield was highly significant positive correlation with ear length,row grains and kernel rate,and the yield had the greatest correlation coefficient with kernel rate,but negative correlation with plant height,ear height,and barren tip.By path analysis indicated the kernel rate had the biggest direct path coefficient with yield,ear length,ear rows,row grains and plant height had positive direct path coefficients with yield,but 1000-kernel weight,ear height and barren tip had negative direct path coefficients with yield.By trait selection,it is very important to select the largest variability of traits.By varieties selection,should pay attention to the varieties with higher yield,kernel rate,row grains,ear rows and ear length.
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