Effect of Fertilization on Biomass Accumulation,Nutrient Absorption/Distribution and Quality of Sweet Potatoes
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摘要: 田间小区试验通过不同施肥处理, 研究氮磷钾配比对甘薯生物量累积、养分吸收与分配及其品质的影响。结果表明:薯蔓并长期甘薯的块根及茎叶在全素 (NPK) 处理下均能获得较大的生物量累积, 块根中的养分含量也相对较高。与全素 (NPK) 相比, 氮、磷、钾缺乏不同程度地影响了甘薯块根及茎叶的生物量累积, 其中氮磷钾均缺乏 (CK) 影响最大, 氮肥其次;缺氮显著影响了甘薯块根中氮的吸收, 显著增加了甘薯各器官钾元素的吸收, 对各器官磷的吸收影响不显著;缺磷显著降低了甘薯块根中氮和钾的含量, 而缺钾增加了甘薯块根中氮的吸收, 但对甘薯各器官的磷含量影响不显著。另外, 氮、磷、钾缺乏降低了甘薯块根中的养分含量, 作为一种淀粉类作物, 淀粉含量在氮磷钾均缺乏 (CK) 情况下最低, 其次是缺氮处理, 但缺氮与缺磷和缺钾处理相比无明显差异。以上结果表明, 除氮磷钾均缺乏情况, 缺氮对薯蔓并长期甘薯的生长及块根中的养分含量影响最大。Abstract: Effect of varied NPK ratios on the biomass accumulation, nutrient absorption/distribution and quality of sweet potatoes were studied in a field experimentation.During the stage when the tubers and vines were allowed to grow simultaneously, fertilization with complete nutrients (N, P and K) on the sweet potato plants increased the biomasses of the tubers, shoots and leaves, as well as the nutrient contents in the tubers.Shortage on N, P and K was found to be most critical, followed by a lack of N, on the biomass accumulation.N deficiency in the soil affected the N absorption and increased the K assimilations in the tubers, but had no significant effect on the P assimilations of different organs.P deficiency significantly decreased the contents of N and K in the tubers.A deficiency in K raised the N absorption of the tuber, but did not significantly affect the P assimilations of different organs.When NPK were in a short supply, the nutrient content of the tuber was negatively affected.And, the starch content in the tubers was also lower than other deficiency conditions, while N deficiency produced the second lowest starch content in the tubers.However, the difference between N deficient sweet potatoes and P or K deficient counterparts was not significant.The results suggested that, except when N, P and K were all depleted, a shortage on N would affect most on the normal growth and nutrient contents of the sweet potatoes, if the tubers and vines were growing on the plant at the same time.
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Key words:
- sweet potato /
- biomass /
- nutrient absorption/distribution /
- quality
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