Concentrations and Distributions of Iron and Manganese in Parts of Tea Plant
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摘要: 采用ICP-MS法测定茶叶及茶树中铁锰含量,探讨铁锰在茶树不同器官中分布及富集规律。结果表明:茶叶中铁锰含量差异较大,铁含量为73.36~284.85 mg·kg-1(均值为125.60),茶叶中锰含量为201.86~4 905.78 mg·kg-1(均值为1 651.24);总体而言,红茶和绿茶中铁含量高于乌龙茶,而乌龙茶中锰含量明显高于红茶和绿茶,红茶和绿茶之间铁锰含量相近。不同茶树品种体内铁锰含量有较大差异,各器官铁含量表现为须根(6 265.07 mg·kg-1)>主根(3 250.77 mg·kg-1)>主茎(2 178.56 mg·kg-1)>侧茎(1 025.81 mg·kg-1)>老叶(347.50 mg·kg-1)>新叶(135.70 mg·kg-1),铁主要在茶树根系和茎中积累;各器官锰含量表现为老叶含量最高,其他器官分布规律不明显。茶树各器官铁富集系数分别为0.002~0.225,锰富集系数为5.25~12.63,茶树对锰富集能力较强。总体而言,梅占和铁观音各器官铁锰含量及富集系数高于金观音和金萱。Abstract: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was applied to determine the contents of iron and manganese in teas from Fujian province. The distribution and accumulation characteristics in different parts of a tea plant were analyzed. The results showed that the mineral concentrations significantly differed among the varieties of teas studied. The iron contents ranged from 73.36 mg·kg-1 to 284.85 mg·kg-1 with a mean of 125.60 mg·kg-1, and manganese from 201.86 mg·kg-1 to 4 905.78 mg·kg-1 with a mean of 1 651.24 mg·kg-1. Overall, the black and the green teas contained more iron than oolong tea, whereas, oolong tea had a higher manganese content than the green or the black tea. There was no significantly difference on manganese content found between the green and the black tea. Significantly differences in the mineral contents were also shown among different parts of a tea plant. The iron concentrations in different parts ranked in the order of the fine roots (6 265.07 mg·kg-1) > taproots (3 250.77 mg·kg-1) > main stem (2 178.56 mg·kg-1) > stem side (1 025.81 mg·kg-1) > old leaves (347.50 mg·kg-1) > young leaves (135.70 mg·kg-1). Thus, most of the iron was absorbed and accumulated in the roots and stems on a tea plant. On the other hand, the manganese in old leaves was the highest (P < 0.05), and evenly distributed in other parts throughout the plant. In general, Tieguanyin and Meizhan teas had greater iron or manganese contents as well as on enrichment coefficients in different parts of a tea plant than Jinguanyin or Jinxuan.
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Key words:
- tea /
- tea varieties /
- iron and manganese /
- distribution characteristics /
- enrichment coefficient
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表 1 供试茶叶样品基本概况
Table 1. Basic information on teas under study
样品 茶类 茶树品种 1 红茶 铁观音 2 红茶 金萱 3 红茶 软枝乌龙 4 红茶 金观音 5 红茶 铁观音 6 红茶 铁观音 7 红茶 铁观音 8 红茶 铁观音 9 红茶 铁观音 10 红茶 铁观音 11 红茶 金观音 12 红茶 铁观音 13 绿茶 福云595 14 绿茶 福云6号 15 绿茶 金牡丹 16 绿茶 金观音 17 绿茶 金萱 18 绿茶 金观音 19 乌龙茶 铁观音 20 乌龙茶 金观音 21 乌龙茶 铁观音 22 乌龙茶 铁观音 23 乌龙茶 铁观音 表 2 茶叶中铁锰含量
Table 2. Iron and manganese contents in teas
样品 茶叶铁含量/(mg·kg-1) 茶叶锰含量/(mg·kg-1) 红茶(n=12) 73.36~201.23 201.86~1415.91 绿茶(n=6) 108.03~284.85 517.14~1863.87 乌龙茶(n=5) 75.59~105.59 3279.95~4905.78 均值 125.60 1651.24 表 3 不同茶树品种各器官铁含量
Table 3. Iron contents in plant parts of tea varieties
不同品种 铁含量/(mg·kg-1) 新叶 老叶 侧茎 主茎 主根 须根 金观音 111.36Fb 354.63Eb 244.33Db 724.44Cb 924.71Bd 3402.84Ac 金萱 120.34Fb 185.29Ed 274.72Cb 450.60Bc 1278.41Ac 1262.73Ad 梅占 180.26Fa 288.03Ec 982.25Da 3832.43Ba 2442.71Cb 7529.39Ab 铁观音 130.83Fb 562.07Ea 2601.95Da 3706.75Ca 8357.25Ba 12865.32Aa 均值 135.70 347.50 1025.81 2178.56 3250.77 6265.07 注:数据后大写字母表示不同器官之间差异显著,小写字母表示不同品种之间差异显著,下表同。 表 4 不同茶树品种各器官锰含量
Table 4. Manganese contents in plant parts of tea varieties
不同品种 锰含量/(mg·kg-1) 新叶 老叶 侧茎 主茎 主根 须根 金观音 1192.82Ba 2744.52Ac 1117.06Bb 1110.95Bc 1085.50Bb 1092.15Bb 金萱 1107.42Ba 2467.53Ac 1183.69Bb 1077.66Bc 904.03Cb 808.78Cc 梅占 552.00Fb 6603.10Aa 3546.40Ba 3019.11Ca 1631.02Da 1336.13Ea 铁观音 608.85Eb 4618.14Ab 3304.69Ba 1463.40Cb 897.90Db 472.45Fd 均值 865.27 4108.32 1129.61 927.38 1667.78 2287.96 表 5 不同茶树品种各器官铁富集系数
Table 5. Iron enrichment coefficients for plant parts of tea varieties
不同品种 铁富集系数 新叶 老叶 侧茎 主茎 主根 须根 金观音 0.002Fb 0.006Eb 0.004Db 0.013Cb 0.016Bd 0.059Ac 金萱 0.002Fb 0.003Ed 0.005Cb 0.008Bc 0.022Ac 0.022Ad 梅占 0.003Fa 0.005Ec 0.017Da 0.067Ba 0.043Cb 0.132Ab 铁观音 0.002Fb 0.010Ea 0.045Da 0.065Ca 0.146Ba 0.225Aa 均值 0.002 0.006 0.018 0.038 0.057 0.109 表 6 不同茶树品种各器官锰富集系数
Table 6. Manganese enrichment coefficients for plant parts of tea varieties
不同品种 锰富集系数 新叶 老叶 侧茎 主茎 主根 须根 金观音 2.28Ba 5.25Ac 2.14Bb 2.12Bc 2.08Bb 2.09Bb 金萱 2.12Ba 4.72 Ac 2.26Bb 2.06Bc 1.73Cb 1.55Cc 梅占 1.06Fb 12.63Aa 6.78Ba 5.77Ca 3.12Da 2.55Ea 铁观音 1.16Fb 8.83Ab 6.32Ba 2.80Cb 1.72Db 0.90Fd 均值 1.65 7.86 4.37 3.19 2.16 1.77 -
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