Resistance to Borer Infestation of Sugarcane Varieties During Early Growth Periodin Central Guangxi Province
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摘要: 为探明广西柳州和来宾市蔗区甘蔗螟虫的为害情况及品种抗性，为甘蔗品种的合理布局和螟虫的综合防控提供科学依据。采用定点和随机的方法，在甘蔗生长前期对广西柳州市和来宾市6个县级蔗区的主栽品种螟虫的发生情况进行调查及田间抗性综合评价。结果显示，不同蔗区、种植品种和植期对螟虫的抗性差异明显。2016年广西柳州和来宾蔗区新植蔗螟虫发生率为0~5.97%，宿根蔗螟虫发生率为0~16.49%。宿根蔗发生程度比新植蔗严重。ROC22在来宾市兴宾区发生最严重，其次为粤糖93-159。综合各个品种新植和宿根在不同蔗区的抗性表现，台优和ROC16表现为高抗，其中台优未见被螟虫为害，桂糖40号抗虫，桂柳二号和桂糖21号中抗，柳城05-136和粤糖00-236为中感，ROC22为感虫，而粤糖93-159为高感。聚类分析结果与综合评价的抗性表现一致。Abstract: To adequately allocate resistant varieties and implement an integrated control of borer infestation for sugarcane cultivation in the planting areas in Guangxi, field surveys were conducted in 6 counties of Liuzhou and Laibin. An analysis was followed to determine appropriate approaches for the borer control. It was found that the borer resistance of the plants as well as the infestation severity in the fields varied significantly according to the planting area, sugarcane variety and season under investigation. For instance, in 2016, the occurrence rates of seedlings with a withered-core on the newly planted sugarcane plants in the Liuzhou area ranged from 0 to 5.97%. And, they were much more severe on the ratoon plants which ranged from 0 to 16.49%. The most serious cases occurred to ROC22 followed by Yuetang 93-159 in Xingbin county of Laibin. Based on the resistance performances, the sugarcane varieties in the regions were classified as the "borer-free" Taiyou, the "highly borer-resistant" ROC16, the "resistant" Guitang 40, the "moderately resistant" Guiliu 2 and Guitang 21, the "moderately susceptible" Liucheng 05-136 and Yuetang 00-236, the "susceptible" ROC22, and the "highly susceptible" Yuetang 93-159. An identical grouping result was obtained by a clustering analysis.
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Key words:
- sugarcane /
- withered-core seedling /
- regionalization /
- cluster analysis /
- resistance evaluation
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图 1 根据螟虫发生率的甘蔗品种聚类分析
Figure 1. Clustering analysis based on sugarane borers incidence rate
图 2 甘蔗螟虫在不同蔗区的发生情况
Figure 2. Occurrence of borer infestation in sugarcane cultivation areas
表 1 调查地点及主栽甘蔗品种分布信息
Table 1. Locations and distribution of planting areas of major sugarcane cultivars
市级
名称县级
名称调查点 栽培品种* 柳州 柳江县 进德镇四连村 柳城05-136、桂糖21 新兴农场月亮塘队 柳城05-136 穿山镇根伦村 柳城05-136 柳城县 大埔镇保大村 柳城05-136 沙埔镇古仁村 柳城05-136、桂柳二号 太平镇太平街道 柳城05-136、桂柳二号、台优 融安县 潭头乡新林村 柳城05-136、桂柳二号、ROC22、台优 大良镇龙山村 柳城05-136、桂柳二号、台优 浮石镇桥头村 柳城05-136 来宾 象州县 石龙镇花山村 ROC22 象州镇龙门村 ROC22 马坪乡大佃村 ROC22 武宣县 武宣镇长寿村 ROC22、粤糖00-236、柳城05-136 三里镇台村 柳城05-136、粤糖00-236、ROC22 黄茆镇大浪村 ROC22、桂糖40、柳城05-136 兴宾区 石牙乡朝南村 ROC22、粤糖93-159 城厢乡都满村 ROC22 桥巩乡岜山村 ROC22 注：*品种排序根据在当地的栽培面积。 
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表 2 甘蔗生长前期对螟虫抗性的分级标准
Table 2. Classification on resistance to borer infestation of sugarcane plantsat early growth stage
抗性
级别枯心
指数抗性
水平1 0.00~10.00 高抗HR 2 10.01~20.00 抗R 3 20.01~40.00 中抗MR 4 40.01~60.00 中感MS 5 60.01~80.00 感S 6 80.01~100 高感HS
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表 3 广西甘蔗主栽品种螟虫田间抗性
Table 3. Resistance of sugarcane varieties against borer infestation
蔗区 地点 品种 新植/
宿根植株发生率
/%柳州 柳江县 柳城05-136 新植 0.00~4.71(1.22) 宿根 4.53~10.44(7.26) GT21 宿根 2.79~4.88(3.83) 柳城县 柳城05-136 新植 0.34~4.80(2.80) 宿根 3.11~5.50(4.48) 桂柳二号 宿根 3.48~6.25(5.21) ROC22 宿根 0.00~6.25(2.70) ROC16 新植 0.00~0.91(0.46) 融安县 柳城05-136 新植 0.00~2.13(0.90) 宿根 1.85~5.10(3.29) 桂柳二号 新植 0.00~0.34(0.17) 宿根 0.00~6.18(3.09) 台优 新植 0.00~0.00(0.00) 宿根 0.00~0.00(0.00) ROC22 宿根 0.00~1.10(0.37) 来宾 象州县 ROC22 新植 0.00~2.05(0.76) 宿根 4.80~15.35(10.84) 武宣县 ROC22 新植 0.88~3.09(2.15) 宿根 3.26~12.90(8.11) GT40 新植 0.22~3.47(1.84) 柳城05-136 新植 0.00~0.96(0.25) 粤糖00-236 新植 0.61~4.52(2.52) 宿根 5.53~9.87(8.33) 兴宾区 ROC22 新植 0.00~5.97(2.44) 宿根 0.00~16.49(7.85) 粤糖93-159 新植 1.00~3.41(2.31) 宿根 9.68~16.22(13.47) 注：表中括号内的数据为调查结果的平均值。
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表 4 柳州和来宾甘蔗主栽品种田间抗性
Table 4. Resistance to borer infestation of major sugarcane varieties in fields at Liuzhou and Laibin
品种 新植蔗 宿根蔗 综合评价 枯心苗
指数抗性
等级枯心苗
指数抗性
等级抗性
等级抗性
水平柳城05-136 16.98 2 44.03 4 4 中感 ROC22 14.80 2 65.74 5 5 感虫 桂柳二号 1.03 1 31.59 3 3 中抗 ROC16 2.79 1 - - 1 高抗 台优 0 1 0 1 1 高抗 桂糖21号 - - 23.23 3 3 中抗 桂糖40号 11.16 2 - - 2 抗虫 粤糖00-236 15.28 2 50.52 4 4 中感 粤糖93-159 14.01 2 81.69 6 6 高感 注：枯心苗指数为该品种螟虫发生最严重的数值，“-”表示该品种无种植。
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