Seasonal Variation on Ecological Stoichiometry of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Azolla Cultivars
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摘要: 为了评价不同满江红的生态化学计量特征的差异,以8种不同满江红为对象,在网室土壤水培养条件下,研究季节变化对满江红产量,碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量及其化学计量比的影响。结果表明:随温度的增加,满江红的生物量产量呈先升高后降低趋势,在夏季达到最高。四季平均产量最高为闽育1号小叶萍4087,达244.25 g·盆-1,第二为回交萍MH3-1,达240.43 g·盆-1,第三为卡州萍3001,达232.14 g·盆-1。满江红的C含量呈先降低再逐渐升高,C含量在春季达到最高,达44.40%;N、P含量表现为先升高再降低的趋势,在夏季达到最高,分别达4.50%和0.86%,综合C、N、P含量,卡州萍3001、细绿萍1001、墨西哥萍2002的C、N、P含量明显优于其他的满江红。满江红C:N、C:P和N:P随温度变化呈先降低再升高趋势,夏季达最低。不同满江红在不同季节C:N、C:P和N:P变化范围分别为7.93~18.20、41.05~225.18、5.16~23.90。本试验条件下,综合生物量产量、C、N、P含量,卡州萍3001的特性优于其他的满江红。Abstract: Ecological stoichiometry of different Azolla cultivars as affected by the seasons was studied. In the lab, 8 Azolla cultivars were used to determine the seasonal variations on yield, contents of C, N, P as well as stoichiometry of the plants. The results showed the yield increased initially, reached a peak as the temperature rose in the summer, and followed by a decline. The highest average annual yield of 244.25 g·tray-1 was observed on A. microphylla Minyu No. 1 (4087), the second highest of 240.43 g/tray on A. microphylla (4018) A. filiculoides (1001) A. microphylla (4018) MH3-1, and the third of 232.14 g·tray-1 on A. caroliniana Willd (3001). The C content in them was low at first but gradually increased later to arrive at the highest at 44.40% in the spring. The contents of N and P increased firstly to their maximum, 4.50% and 0.86%, respectively, in the summer, then decreased. The C, N and P contents of A. caroliniana Willd (3001), A. filiculoides lamarck (1001) and A. Mexicana Schlecht et cham (2002) were higher than those of the other cultivars. As the temperature varied, the ratios of C:N, C:P and N:P decreased in the beginning to their lowest values in the summer and followed by an increasing trend. The ratios varied between 7.93-18.20, 41.05-225.18 and 5.16-23.90, respectively, in different seasons. Under the experimental conditions, A. caroliniana Willd (3001) was found superior to others on yield and contents of C, N and P.
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Key words:
- Azolla /
- C /
- N /
- P /
- ecological stoichiometry /
- seasonal variations
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表 1 试验材料
Table 1. Testing materials
品种编号 学名 来源地 资源类型 来源 1001 A. filiculoides Lamarck IRRI 野生资源 国家红萍种质圃 2002 A. mexicana Schlecht et Cham IRRI 野生资源 国家红萍种质圃 3001 A. caroliniana Willd IRRI 野生资源 国家红萍种质圃 4018 A. microphylla Kaulf. IRRI 野生资源 国家红萍种质圃 500 A. imbricate(Roxb.) Nakais 福建福州 野生资源 国家红萍种质圃 7001 A. pinnata R.Brown IRRI 野生资源 国家红萍种质圃 MH3-1 (A. microphylla 4018×A. filiculoides 1001)×A. microphylla 4018 FAAS 育成品种 国家红萍种质圃 4087 A. microphylla Minyu No.1 FAAS 育成品种 国家红萍种质圃 表 2 不同满江红产量季节动态
Table 2. Seasonal variations on yield of Azolla cultivars, g/tray
[单位/ (g·盆-1)] 品种 春 夏 秋 冬 1001 217.80±8.50 dC 330.56±16.32 bB 124.73±6.96 dB 118.35±20.82 bcB 2002 321.40±21.23 aA 337.43±10.14 bB 147.99±5.15 abcAB 96.39±11.21 cB 3001 299.29±8.64 abAB 335.47±2.67 bB 168.09±12.61 aA 125.70±27.69 bcB 4018 214.59±4.03 dC 158.36±37.59 dD 143.64±4.17 bcdAB 137.67±24.83 bB 500 273.77±54.13 abcABC 268.65±17.37 cC 152.73±6.76 abcAB 98.64±17.16 cB 7001 247.99±15.85 bcdABC 179.50±6.96 dD 130.31±17.17 cdB - MH3-1 229.75±45.47 cdBC 406.36±13.70 aA 130.07±13.93 cdB 195.54±3.23 aA 4087 229.56±47.49 cdBC 389.35±12.66 aA 164.52±24.50 abA 193.57±9.28 aA 注:同列中不同的大写字母和小写字母分别表示品种间差异极显著(P < 0.01)和显著(P < 0.05),表 3、4同。 表 3 不同满江红不同季节的C、N、P含量动态变化
Table 3. Contents of C, N and P of Azolla cultivars in different seasons, %
(单位/%) 元素 品种 春 夏 秋 冬 C 1001 44.40±0.80 aA 37.33±0.68 dC 34.33±0.50 aA 38.53±0.40 abA 2002 44.40±1.60 aA 44.37±1.85 aA 35.37±0.49 aA 39.70±1.45 aA 3001 41.43±1.59 abAB 43.767±0.80 aA 34.73±2.08 aA 38.80±2.33 abA 4018 41.03±2.55 abA 40.37±0.76 bB 34.50±0.79 aA 37.00±0.66 bA 500 37.20±4.00 bB 38.67±0.55 cdBC 35.97±1.01 aA 38.53±1.50 abA 7001 37.83±3.74 bB 40.90±0.62 bB 34.83±1.14 aA - MH3-1 40.27±3.00 abAB 39.50±0.85 bcBC 34.47±0.74 aA 37.20±1.27 abA 4087 42.60±1.30 aAB 31.60±0.87 eD 35.30±0.70 aA 39.20±1.81 abA N 1001 3.76±0.07 abAB 4.50±0.07 aA 3.58±0.05 abA 3.34±0.04 aA 2002 3.96±0.32 aA 4.35±0.45 aAB 3.52±0.20 abA 2.79±0.07 cC 3001 3.95±0.13 aA 4.29±0.06 aAB 3.79±0.15 aA 3.17±0.21 abAB 4018 3.56±0.26 bcAB 4.49±0.11 aA 3.18±0.25 bAB 3.04±0.10 bBC 500 3.35±0.24 cBC 4.38±0.36 aAB 3.47±0.09 abA 2.13±0.15 dD 7001 2.95±0.14 dC 3.70±0.62 bB 2.54±0.32 cB - MH3-1 3.73±0.10 abAB 4.43±0.23 aAB 3.51±0.65 abA 3.27±0.01 aAB 4087 3.62±0.18 abcAB 4.00±0.28 abAB 3.24±0.02 bA 3.28±0.09 aAB P 1001 0.52±0.29 aA 0.86±0.08 aA 0.40±0.04 CbAB 0.33±0.04 aABC 2002 0.42±0.30 abA 0.55±0.03 cBC 0.15±0.02 dE 0.30±0.03 abABC 3001 0.51±0.08 aA 0.72±0.16 abAB 0.28±0.05 cCD 0.35±0.07 aAB 4018 0.54±0.07 aA 0.71±0.06 abAB 0.27±0.08 cCDE 0.29±0.04 abABC 500 0.27±0.07 abA 0.54±0.07 cBC 0.27±0.002 ecD 0.37±0.07 aA 7001 0.18±0.04 bA 0.35±0.06 dC 0.52±0.06 aA - MH3-1 0.45±0.07 aA 0.69±0.05 bcAB 0.41±0.08 bAB 0.23±0.01 bBC 4087 0.53±0.04 aA 0.78±0.12 abA 0.34±0.02 bcBCD 0.22±0.01 bC 表 4 不同满江红不同季节的C:N、C:P、N:P化学计量比
Table 4. Ratios of C:N, C:P and N:P in stoichiometry of Azolla cultivars in different seasons
计量比 品种 春 夏 秋 冬 C:N 1001 11.80±0.36 abA 8.30±0.20 cBC 9.60±0.12 bcB 11.55±0.01 cC 2002 11.27±1.11 abA 10.33±1.53 abAB 10.08±0.57 bcB 14.23±0.89 bB 3001 10.49±0.13 bA 10.21±0.32 abAB 9.17±0.66 cB 12.27±0.95 cBC 4018 11.57±1.26 abA 8.99±0.35 bcBC 10.88±0.63 bB 12.18±0.31 cBC 500 11.21±2.04 abA 8.87±0.82 bcBC 10.35±0.12 bcB 18.20±1.92 aA 7001 12.80±0.99 aA 11.24±1.68 aA 13.85±1.60 aA - MH3-1 10.81±0.92 bA 8.92±0.40 cBCb 10.04±1.82 bcB 11.39±0.37 cBC 4087 11.78±0.27 abA 7.93±0.64 cC 10.89±0.27 bB 11.96±0.37 cC C:P 1001 124.87±19.16 cBC 43.90±4.48 dC 87.30±9.14 cdCD 116.85±13.97 cBC 2002 193.38±26.85 bA 80.33±1.62 bB 241.20±33.28 aA 133.67±11.37 bcABC 3001 82.34±12.41 dD 62.35±11.81 bcBC 126.00±15.47 bBC 115.64±30.05 cBC 4018 77.24±12.04 dD 57.35±5.60 cdBC 134.02±32.40 bB 129.49±21.74 bcBC 500 142.96±14.59 cB 71.72±7.88 bcB 134.05±4.50 bB 106.45±18.60 cC 7001 225.18±21.88 aA 118.43±23.98 aA 67.62±7.29 dD - MH3-1 90.51±8.54 dCD 57.73±5.67 cdBC 85.79±17.90 cdCD 160.48±4.29 abAB 4087 80.49±4.08 dD 41.05±6.21 dC 105.30±5.81 bcBCD 179.74±15.50 aA N:P 1001 10.41±0.17 bcBC 5.29±0.52 cB 9.10±1.03 dD 10.12±1.21 bB 2002 17.29±1.00 aA 7.89±1.23 bcAB 23.90±2.54 aA 9.43±1.15 bB 3001 7.86±1.26 cBC 6.13±1.33 bcB 13.85±2.42 bB 9.40±2.07 bBC 4018 6.65±0.32 cC 6.37±0.40 bcB 12.23±2.35 bcBCD 10.61±1.49 bB 500 13.11±4.54 bA 8.18±1.55 abAB 12.95±0.45 bBC 5.85±0.95 cC 7001 17.57±4.57 aA 10.90±3.89 aA 4.89±0.05 eE - MH3-1 8.45±1.42 cBC 6.48±0.73 bcB 8.52±0.38 edD 14.10±0.83 aA 4087 6.83±0.20 cC 5.16±0.46 cB 9.68±0.62 cdCD 15.02±1.14 aA -
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