解淀粉芽孢杆菌液体肥在茶叶上的应用研究

林斌; 黄菊青; 官雪芳; 郑炎; 徐庆贤; 王琦; 钱蕾; 郑怡; 张臣心; 汤铜华; 赵孟涛

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.10.009

解淀粉芽孢杆菌液体肥在茶叶上的应用研究

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.10.009

1.
福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所，福建　福州　350003
2.
福建省南平市建瓯市畜牧站，福建　建瓯　353124
3.
福建省武夷山市茗域岩茶厂，福建　武夷山　354300
4.
福建省上杭县蛟潭高山茶业发展有限公司，福建　上杭　364200

基金项目: 福建省财政厅教育科研专项（闽财指[2014]680号、[2015]1297号、[2016]978号）；福建省科技计划公益类专项（2019R1032-4）

详细信息

作者简介:
林斌（1964−），男，博士，研究员，主要从事微生物领域研究（E-mail：linbin591@163.com）

中图分类号: S 571.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 1619
- HTML全文浏览量: 439
- PDF下载量: 21
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-19
- 修回日期: 2019-09-12
- 刊出日期: 2019-10-01

Application of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Liquid Fertilizer on Tea Bushes

1.
Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
2.
Jian’ou Animal Husbandry Station of Nanping, Jian’ou, Fujian　353124, China
3.
Wuyi Mingyu Rock Tea Factory, Wuyishan, Fujian　354300, China
4.
Shanghang Jiaotan Alpine Tea Industry Development Co., Ltd., Shanghang, Fujian　364200, China

摘要

摘要: 目的考察解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens液体肥W208YF施用对铁观音乌龙茶产量、品质和茶园土壤相关指标的影响。方法采用田间小区试验，设W208YF（解淀粉芽孢杆菌液体肥，菌液浓度为4.00×10⁶ cfu·mL⁻¹，使用量100 L·hm⁻²）和等量清水对照（CK）2个处理，重复4次，进行差异性比较。结果 W208YF处理的茶叶产量、水浸出物含量和游离氨基酸总量较CK均显著增加，增幅分别为11.10%、10.60%和8.10%，而茶叶咖啡碱含量则显著下降，降幅为24.30%；同时，W208YF的茶园土壤肥力（全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机质和腐殖酸含量）及微生物多样性指数（Shannon、Simpson指数及β多样性）均明显优于CK。结论施用解淀粉芽孢杆菌液体肥W208YF能够明显提升茶园土壤肥力及微生物群落多样性，并显著提高茶叶产量和品质。
- 解淀粉芽孢杆菌 /
- 液体肥 /
- 茶叶 /
- 生化品质 /
- 土壤肥力
Abstract: Objective Effects of a bacterial liquid fertilizer on the yield and quality of tea bushes as well as the fertility of soil at the plantation were studied. Methods The Tieguanyin bushes in a plot at a tea plantation were fertilized with W208YF, a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid fertilizer, to compare with water as control (CK) for the experimentation. The treatment group was applied at a rate of 100 L·hm⁻² with 4.00×10⁶ cfu·mL⁻¹ concentration of W208YF. Tea yield and quality at harvest and fertility and microbial diversity of the plantation soil were determined. Results The yield, water extracts, and free amino acids of the tea from the treatment group were significantly higher than those of CK. Specifically, the yield increased 11.10%, the water soluble 10.60%, and the free amino acid content 8.10% over CK. On the other hand, the caffeine of W208YF-fertilized tea was significantly lower by 24.30% than that of CK. The fertility (i.e., total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matters, and humic acid), microbial diversity Shannon and Simpson indices, and β diversity of the fertilized soil were significantly increased as compared with CK. Conclusion Application of W208YF liquid fertilizer significantly improved the tea yield and quality as well as the plantation soil fertility and microbial diversity.
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens /
- liquid fertilizer /
- tea /
- biochemical quality /
- soil fertility

HTML全文

图 1 PCoA分析试验处理（W208YF）和空白对照（CK）茶园土壤微生物群落结构差异

Figure 1. Microbial community structures in W208YF-fertilized soil and CK according to PCoA analysis

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 施用（W208YF）对茶叶产量和品质生化成分的影响

Table 1. Yield and physiochemical indicators of tea bushes fertilized with W208YF

处理 Treatments	每667m²产量 Yield per 667m²/ kg	水浸出物 Water extract/（g·hg⁻¹）	游离氨基酸 Free amino acid/（g·hg⁻¹）	茶多酚 Tea polyphenol/（g·hg⁻¹）	咖啡碱 Caffeine/（g·hg⁻¹）
CK	60.25±1.87	36.90±0.30	2.21±0.06	27.10±0.40	1.56±0.08
W208YF	66.96±2.54^*	40.80±1.00^*	2.39±0.07^*	28.30±0.90	1.18±0.06^*
注：结果以平均值±标准偏差表示（n=4），同一列数据右上方表示与CK组相比具有差异显著性（P＜0.05，独立样本t检验法）。表3同。 Note: Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation （n=4）. mean significant difference at the 0.05 level with the t test of independent sample. The same as Table 3.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 施用W208YF对茶园土壤肥力的影响

Table 2. Fertility of plantation soil fertilized with W208YF

项目 Items	CK	W208YF
全氮 Total notrogen/%	0.06±0.01	0.11±0.01^*
全磷 Total phosphorus/%	0.01±0.00	0.01±0.00
全钾 Total potassium/%	1.15±0.02	1.18±0.04
碱解氮 Alkali nitrogen/（mg·kg⁻¹）	52.90±4.20	96.00±8.90^*
有效磷 Available phosphorus/（mg·kg⁻¹）	8.30±1.10	12.70±2.70^*
速效钾 Aavailable potassium/（mg·kg⁻¹）	137.50±10.10	179.50±27.50^*
有机质 Organic matter/（g·kg⁻¹）	15.40±0.60	28.00±2.30^*
腐殖酸 humic acid/（g·kg⁻¹）	6.40±0.20	11.20±1.20^*
注：结果以平均值±标准偏差表示（n=4），同一行数据右上方表示与CK组相比具有差异显著性（P＜0.05，独立样本t检验法）。 Note: Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation （n=4）. mean significant difference at the 0.05 level with the t test of independent sample.

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 施用W208YF对茶园土壤土壤微生物多样性的影响

Table 3. Microbial diversity of plantation soil fertilized with W208YF

处理 Treatment	微生物多样性指数 Microbial diversity index
处理 Treatment	ACE	Chao1	Shannon	Simpson
CK	2 364.36±239.51	2 380.55±149.58	5.80±0.33	0.01±0.00
W208YF	2 542.08±168.27	2 529.06±172.15	6.42±0.27^*	0.02±0.01^*

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(38)

[1]	管曦. 我国茶叶消费相关数据的讨论——基于消费者层面的分析 [J]. 中国茶叶, 2015(10):11−12. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3150.2015.10.005 GUAN X. Discussion on China's tea consumption related data-based on consumer level analysis [J]. China tea, 2015(10): 11−12.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3150.2015.10.005
[2]	钱晓华, 廖万友, 胡荣根, 等. 安徽省茶园施肥现状与对策分析 [J]. 茶业通报, 2015(3):108−113. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5768.2015.03.005 QIAN X H, LIAO W Y, HU R G, et al. Analysis on the status quo and countermeasures of fertilization in tea gardens in Anhui Province [J]. Journal of Tea Business, 2015(3): 108−113.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5768.2015.03.005
[3]	朱旭君, 王玉花, 张瑜, 等. 施肥结构对茶园土壤氮素营养及茶叶产量品质的影响 [J]. 茶叶科学, 2015, 35(3):248−254. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-369X.2015.03.008 ZHU X J, WANG Y H, ZHANG Y, et al. Effects of different fertilizer application systems on nitrogen nutrition in tea garden soil and yield-quality of tea plant [J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2015, 35(3): 248−254.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-369X.2015.03.008
[4]	WANG Y, FU D L, PAN L L, et al. The coupling effect of water and fertilizer on the growth of tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntz] [J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2016, 39(5): 620−627. doi: 10.1080/01904167.2015.1047521
[5]	张金洪. 生态茶园管理关键技术探究 [J]. 农技服务, 2015, 32(5):223. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-8421.2015.05.180 ZHANG J H. Research on key technologies of ecological tea garden management [J]. Agricultural Technology Service, 2015, 32(5): 223.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-8421.2015.05.180
[6]	苏秋芹, 李春维, 郑作芸, 等. 豆浆菌肥在茶树栽培中的应用效果 [J]. 福建农业学报, 2014, 29(2):194−196. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.02.020 SU Q Q, LI C W, ZHENG Z Y, et al. Effect of Bean Dregs Bacterial Fertilizer on Tea Cultivation [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 29(2): 194−196.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.02.020
[7]	周国兰, 郑道芳, 沈强, 等. 不同微生物肥处理对黔湄809茶树产量和品质的影响 [J]. 江西农业学报, 2011, 23(9):115−117. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8581.2011.09.037 ZHOU G L, ZHENG D F, SHEN Q, et al. Effects of different microbial fertilizer treatments on yield and quality of qianmei 809 tea [J]. Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2011, 23(9): 115−117.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8581.2011.09.037
[8]	KIM P, CHUNG K C. Production of an antifungal protein for control of Colletotrichum lagenarium by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MET0908 [J]. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2004, 234(1): 177−183. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2004.tb09530.x
[9]	周晨光, 徐圣君, 张茉莉, 等. 解淀粉芽孢杆菌微生物菌剂对茶叶产量和品质的影响 [J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(2):253−257. doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0685 ZHOU C G, XU S J, ZHANG M L, et al. Effecs of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Biofertilizer on Tea Yield and Quality [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2014, 30(2): 253−257.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0685
[10]	SUHARDJO M, SUPRIADI, SUDIHARDJO A M. Effectivity of alternative organic fertilizer, liquid microbial fertilizer and soil amendment on shallot in south coast area, Yogyakarta (Indonesia) [J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2013, 69(1-2): 233−237. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.12.028
[11]	ZHANG L Y. Recombinant microbial fertilizer and methods for its production[P]. 1995-02-28.
[12]	车晓曦, 李校堃. 解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)的研究进展 [J]. 北京农业, 2010(3):7−10. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6966.2010.03.003 CHE X X, LI X K. The Research on Development of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens [J]. Beijing Agriculture, 2010(3): 7−10.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6966.2010.03.003
[13]	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 茶-水浸出物测定: GB/T 8305-2013 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2013.
[14]	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 茶-游离氨基酸总量的测定: GB/T 8314-2013 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2013.
[15]	国家市场监督管理总局. 茶叶中茶多酚和儿茶素类含量的检测方法: GB/T 8313-2018 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2018.
[16]	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 茶-咖啡碱测定: GB/T 8312-2013 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2013.
[17]	中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤pH的测定: NY/T 1377-2007 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2007.
[18]	中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤检测第6部分: 土壤有机质的测定: NY/T1121.6-2006 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2006.
[19]	中国土壤学会. 土壤农业化学分析法[M]. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 2000.
[20]	中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤检测第7部分: 酸性土壤有效磷的测定: NY/T1121.7-2006 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2006.
[21]	中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤速效钾和缓效钾含量的测定: NY/T 889-2004 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2004.
[22]	中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤全氮测定法(半微量开氏法): NY/T 53-1987 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 1987.
[23]	中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤全磷测定法: NY/T 88-1988 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 1988.
[24]	中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤全钾测定法: NY/T 87-1988 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社,
[25]	SHI W, MILLER B E, STARK J M, et al. Microbial nitrogen transformations in response to treated dairy waste in agricultural soils [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2004, 68(6): 1867−1874. doi: 10.2136/sssaj2004.1867
[26]	闵伟, 侯振安, 冶军, 等. 长期咸水滴灌棉田土壤微生物活性及群落功能多样性 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2014, 33(11):2950−2958. MIN W, HOU Z A, YE J, et al. Soil microbial activity and community functional diversity in cotton field under long-term drip irrigation with saline water [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2014, 33(11): 2950−2958.(in Chinese)
[27]	郑亚萍, 吴正锋, 王才斌, 等. 旱地花生不同土壤类型主要土壤肥力指标季节变异及其相互关系研究 [J]. 核农学报, 2013, 27(6):831−838. doi: 10.11869/hnxb.2013.06.0831 ZHENG Y P, WU Z F, WANG C B, et al. Seasonal Variation and Relationship of Soil Fertility Indices for Different Types of Dry Land Peanut [J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2013, 27(6): 831−838.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11869/hnxb.2013.06.0831
[28]	林先贵, 胡君利. 土壤微生物多样性的科学内涵及其生态服务功能 [J]. 土壤学报, 2008, 45(5):892−900. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.2008.05.016 LIN X G, HU J L. Scientific Connotation and Ecological Service Function of Soil Microbial Diversity [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2008, 45(5): 892−900.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.2008.05.016
[29]	李红晓, 张殿朋, 卢彩鸽, 等. 生防解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)最新研究进展 [J]. 微生物学杂志, 2016, 36(2):87−92. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-7021.2016.02.015 LI H X, ZHANG D P, LU C G, et al. The latest advances in bio-control Bacillus amyloliquefaciens [J]. Journal of Microbiology, 2016, 36(2): 87−92.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-7021.2016.02.015
[30]	董春娟, 王玲玲, 李亮, 等. 解淀粉芽胞杆菌K103对黄瓜穴盘苗的促生作用 [J]. 园艺学报, 2018, 45(11):2199−2208. DONG C J, WANG L L, LI L, et al. Growth-Promoting Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens K103 on Cucumber Plug Seedlings [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2018, 45(11): 2199−2208.(in Chinese)
[31]	雷该翔, 方景英, 朱吉云, 等. 枯草芽孢杆菌对茶树的增产效果试验 [J]. 茶叶通讯, 2012, 39(4):26−28. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-525X.2012.04.007 LEI G X, FANG J Y, ZHU J Y, et al. Bacillus subtilis effect on tea yield [J]. Tea Communication, 2012, 39(4): 26−28.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-525X.2012.04.007
[32]	焦晓光, 高崇升, 隋跃宇, 等. 不同有机质含量农田土壤微生物生态特征 [J]. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(18):3759−3767. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2011.18.007 JIAO X G, GAO C S, SUI Y Y, et al. Research on soil microbial ecology under different soil organic matter levels in farmland [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2011, 44(18): 3759−3767.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2011.18.007
[33]	张姗姗, 赵凡, 邓岚, 等. 不同微生物肥料对西藏桃品质及土壤肥力的影响 [J]. 农学学报, 2016, 6(11):27−31. doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080011 ZHANG S S, ZHAO F, DENG L, et al. Effects of different bio-fertilizers on peach quality and soil fertility in Tibet [J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2016, 6(11): 27−31.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080011
[34]	杨超才, 朱列书, 李迪秦, 等. 不同枯草芽孢杆菌用量对植烟土壤养分含量的影响 [J]. 西南农业学报, 2018, 31(4):779−785. YANG C C, ZHU L S, LI D Q, et al. Effect of different amount of bacillus subtilis on nutrients of tobacco planting soils [J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 31(4): 779−785.(in Chinese)
[35]	曾令涛, 王东升, 王祯祎, 等. 蚯蚓堆肥与益生菌配施对土壤肥力及微生物特性的影响 [J]. 土壤, 2016, 48(6):1100−1107. ZENG L T, WANG D S, WANG Z Y, et al. Effects of interaction between vermicompost and probiotics on soil fertility and microbial properties [J]. Soils, 2016, 48(6): 1100−1107.(in Chinese)
[36]	姚永宏, 柴友荣, 李中林, 等. 降低茶叶咖啡碱的研究进展 [J]. 西南农业学报, 2009, 22(6):1799−1802. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4829.2009.06.066 YAO Y H, CHAI Y R, LI Z L, et al. Research progress for tea decaffeination [J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 22(6): 1799−1802.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4829.2009.06.066
[37]	沈强, 孔维婷, 于洋, 等. 国内外茶叶咖啡碱研究进展 [J]. 中国茶叶, 2010, 32(1):15−18. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3150.2010.01.005 SHEN Q, KONG W T, YU Y, et al. Research progress on tea caffeine in China and abroad [J]. China tea, 2010, 32(1): 15−18.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3150.2010.01.005
[38]	付蕾, 陈立贵, 袁新强, 等. 从茶叶中提取咖啡碱的研究 [J]. 安徽农业科学, 2008, 36(9):3730−3731. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2008.09.104 FU L, CHEN L G, YUAN X Q, et al. Study on Extraction of Theine from Tea [J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2008, 36(9): 3730−3731.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2008.09.104