两系特种稻新品种紫两优737的选育与应用

黄庭旭; 郑建华; 游晴如; 董瑞霞; 王洪飞; 房贤涛; 廖发炼; 陈春霞; 周鹏; 涂诗航; 郑菲艳; 董练飞

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.001

两系特种稻新品种紫两优737的选育与应用

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.001

1.
福建省农业科学院水稻研究所/福州国家水稻改良分中心，福建　福州　350018
2.
福建省宁化县良种场，福建　宁化　365400
3.
南平市建阳区农业农村局，福建　建阳　354200

基金项目: 福建省科技计划公益类专项（2018R1021-6）；福建省农业科学院水稻重点科技创新团队项目（STIT2017-1-1）；福建省农业科学院水稻科技服务团队项目（kjfw02）

详细信息

作者简介:
黄庭旭（1964−），男，硕士，研究员，主要从事水稻遗传育种研究（E-mail：610143535@qq.com）

中图分类号: S 334；S 338
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-03
- 修回日期: 2020-10-26
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-26
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-30

Breeding and Application of New Two-line Special Rice Variety Ziliangyou 737

1.
Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, Fuzhou, Fujian　350018, China
2.
Ninghua County Seed Multiplication Farm of Fujian, Ninghua, Fujian　365400, China
3.
Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jianyang District of Nanping City, Jianyang, Fujian　354200, China

摘要

摘要: 目的充分挖掘和利用珍贵的紫黑米资源，加强特种稻种质资源创新，扩大紫黑米特种稻的种植面积，满足消费者对健康饮食的需求。方法 2014年春，以福建省农业科学院水稻研究所最新育成的种皮紫黑色、籼糯品质的两用核不育系紫392S与自育紫糯恢复系福恢737测交配组，育成两系特种稻新组合紫两优737，2014—2016年在福建、云南、江西和安徽等地进行品比试验，2017年、2018年参加云南省国有资本运营金鼎禾朴农业科技有限公司自主组织的特殊用途紫米组区域试验和生产试验，2018年、2019年参加福建省晚稻特种稻组区域试验。结果紫两优737在2014—2016年多地品比试验中，平均产量均在7 500.0 kg·hm⁻²以上。在2017年、2018年云南省特殊用途紫米组区域试验中，平均生育期161.3 d、株高97.0 cm、有效穗数286.5万穗·hm⁻²、穗长22.9 cm、每穗总粒数179.9粒、结实率72.1%、千粒重24.9 g、直链淀粉含量2.6%，两年区域试验平均产量分别为7 564.2 kg·hm⁻²和7 569.3 kg·hm⁻²，分别比对照癸能紫米增产148.0%和156.2%；2018年生产试验平均产量7 964.7 kg·hm⁻²，比对照增癸能紫米增产169.2%。2019年通过云南省农作物品种审定委员会审定（滇审稻2019004号）。在2018年、2019年福建省晚稻特种稻组区域试验中，平均生育期123.0 d、有效穗数244.5万穗·hm⁻²、株高108.4 cm、穗长23.7 cm、每穗总粒数172.4粒、结实率79.33%、千粒重24.7 g、直链淀粉含量2.1%，两年区域试验平均产量分别为7 475.6 kg·hm⁻²和7 535.4 kg·hm⁻²，分别比对照宜优673减产4.39%和3.26%。2020年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定（闽审稻20200067）。结论紫两优737应用前景较好，具有综合农艺性状优、杂种优势强、丰产稳产性好、适应性广、糙米种皮紫黑色、胚乳糯性、稻米品质优、食用口感好等特点，可在福建省和云南省海拔1 450 m以下及相似生态区的杂交籼稻区域作特种稻品种种植。
- 杂交稻 /
- 两系特种稻 /
- 紫米 /
- 糯稻 /
- 紫两优737 /
- 选育
Abstract: Objective To fully exploit and utilize precious purple-black rice resources, strengthen the innovation of special rice resources, expand the planting area of purple-black special rice, and satisfy people's demand for healthy diet. Method A new two-line special rice variety Ziliangyou 737 was cross bred from Zi 392S, a indica glutinous Dual-purpose Genic Male Sterile (DGMS) line with purple-black seed coat developed by Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Fuhui 737, a self-breeding purple glutinous restorer line in the spring of 2014. The comprehensive trait performances of Ziliangyou 737 were investigated in variety comparative test during 2014-2016 in Fujian, Yunnan, Jiangxi and Anhui. During 2017-2018, it was recommended to join in the regional trial and production trial of the special-purpose purple rice groups independently organized by Yunnan State-owned Capital Operation Jinding Hepu Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. And during 2018-2019, it was recommended to join in the regional trials of late-cropping special rice groups in Fujian in order to evaluate its comprehensive traits. Result The average yields of Ziliangyou 737 during 2014-2016 in Fujian, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Anhui and other local product comparative tests were more than 7 500.0 kg·hm⁻²; In the regional trial of special-purpose purple rice group in Yunnan in 2017-2018, the growth period was about 161 days, the plant height was 97.0 cm, the effective panicles were 191, 000 per 667 m², the ear length was 22.9 cm, the total grains per ear were 179.9, the seed setting rate was 72.1%, 1000-grain weight was 24.9 g, the amylose content was 2.6%, the average yields of the regional trials were 7 564.2 kg·hm⁻² and 7 569.3 kg·hm⁻² respectively, increased by 148.0% and 156.2% compared to control Guineng purple rice; the average yields of the 2018 production trial was 7 964.7 kg·hm⁻², increased by 169.2% compared to control Guineng purple rice; it was approved by the Yunnan Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in 2019 (Dianshendao 2019004). In the regional trials of the late rice special rice group in Fujian Province in 2018 and 2019, the growth period was about 123 days, the effective panicles were 163 000 per 667 m², the plant height was 108.4 cm, the panicle length was 23.7 cm, and grain number per panicle was 172.4, the seed setting rate was 79.33%, 1 000-grain weight was 24.7 g, amylose content was 2.1%, the regional average yields was 7 475.6 kg/hm² and 7,535.4 kg/hm² respectively, decreased by 4.39% and 3.26% compared to control Yiyou 673, it was approved by the Fujian Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in 2020 (Minshendao 20200067). Conclusion Ziliangyou 737 has promising application prospects, with excellent comprehensive agronomic traits, strong heterosis, high yield stability, wide adaptability, deep purple brown rice seed coat, waxy endosperm, excellent rice quality, especially good food taste and other characteristics. It can be promoted as special rice in the hybrid indica rice area below 1 450 meters above sea level in Fujian and Yunnan provinces and other similar ecological regions.
- hybrid rice /
- two-line special rice /
- purple rice /
- glutinous rice /
- Ziliangyou 737 /
- breeding

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图 1 紫392s选育过程

Figure 1. Breeding processes of Zi392S

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图 2 福恢737和紫两优737的选育过程

Figure 2. Breeding processes of Fuhui737 and Ziliangyou737

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表 1 紫两优737云南省区域试验产量表现

Table 1. Yield performance of Ziliangyou737 in regional test in Yunnan

品种 Name of varieties	试验类型 Type of test	年份 Year	产量 Yield/（kg·hm⁻²）	比CK增产率 Ratio compared with CK/%
紫两优737 Ziliangyou737	区试 Regional trial	2017	7 564.2	148.0
紫两优737 Ziliangyou737	区试 Regional trial	2018	7 569.3	156.2
		平均 Average	7 566.8	152.1
癸能紫米 Guinengzimi（CK）	区试 Regional trial	2017	3 050.1	—
癸能紫米 Guinengzimi（CK）	区试 Regional trial	2018	2 954.4	—
		平均 Average	3 002.3	—
紫两优737 Ziliangyou737	生产试验 Production test	2018	7 964.7	169.2
癸能紫米 Guinengzimi（CK）			2 958.7	—

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表 2 紫两优737在福建省区域试验产量表现

Table 2. Yield performance of Ziliangyou737 in regional test in Fujian

品种 Name of varieties	年份 Year	产量 Yield/（kg·hm⁻²）	比CK增产率 Ratio compared with CK/%
紫两优737 Ziliangyou737	2018	7 475.55	−4.39%
紫两优737 Ziliangyou737	2019	7 535.40	−3.26%
	平均（Average）	7 505.48	−3.82
宜优673 Yiyou673（CK）	2018	7 818.80	—
宜优673 Yiyou673（CK）	2019	7 789.33	—
	平均（Average）	7 804.07	—

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表 3 紫两优737在福建和云南区试中的主要农艺性状

Table 3. Agronomic characteristics of Ziliangyou737 in regional trails in Fujian and Yunnan

品种 Name of varieties	试验类型 Type of test	年份 Year	全生育期 Growth period/d	有效穗 Effective panicle no./ （×10⁴穗·hm⁻²）	株高 Plant height/cm	穗长 Ear length/cm	穗总粒数 total grain per panicle	穗实粒数 grain numbers per panicle	结实率 Seed setting rate/%	千粒重 1 000 grain weight/g
紫两优737 Ziliangyou737	福建区试 Regional trial in Fujian	2018	122.2	253.5	107.3	23.0	163.5	128.7	78.7	24.8
		2019	123.8	235.5	109.5	24.4	181.3	144.9	79.9	24.6
		平均 Average	123.0	244.5	108.4	23.7	172.4	136.8	79.3	24.7
紫两优737 Ziliangyou737	云南区试 Regional trial in Yunnan	2017	164.6	309.0	98.3	23.4	189.5	128.0	67.1	23.7
		2018	158.0	264.0	95.7	22.4	170.3	130.6	77.1	26.1
		平均 Average	161.3	286.5	97.0	22.9	179.9	129.3	72.1	24.9

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表 4 紫两优737稻米品质

Table 4. Rice quality of Ziliangyou737

类别 Types	糙米率 brown rice percentage/%	精米率 milled rice percentage/%	整精米率 head rice percentage/%	长度 Grain length/mm	长宽比 ratio of grain length to width	碱消值 alkali value	直链淀粉 amylose content/%	胶稠度 gel consistency/mm
2017年云南区试 Regional trial in 2017 in Yunnan	78.4	69.4	55.3	6.3	2.7	7.0	2.6	90
2019年福建区试 Regional trial in 2019 in Fujian	79.3	68.5	65.1	6.4	2.9	7.0	2.1	97

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