铝胁迫下杉木幼苗有机酸含量变化

杨慧琴; 何思; 张金彪

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.08.011

铝胁迫下杉木幼苗有机酸含量变化

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.08.011

福建农林大学生命科学学院，福建　福州　350002

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31370609）；福建农林大学科技创新专项基金（CXZX2018049）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨慧琴（1996−），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：化学生态学（E-mail：763610808@qq.com）

通讯作者:
张金彪（1964−），男，教授，研究方向：化学生态学（E-mail：594813265@qq.com）

中图分类号: S 791.27
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-11
- 修回日期: 2021-06-21
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-10
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-28

Changes on Organic Acids in Chinese Fir Seedlings under Simulated Al-stress

College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究铝胁迫对杉木幼苗有机酸含量的影响，以期阐明杉木有机酸对铝胁迫的响应特征。方法以杉木幼苗为材料，采用营养液培养法，研究不同浓度铝胁迫对杉木幼苗体内有机酸和根尖分泌有机酸含量水平的影响；通过相关性分析，揭示有机酸、铝含量之间的关系。结果在杉木针叶和根中均检测到草酸、酒石酸、L-苹果酸、抗坏血酸、柠檬酸和富马酸等6种有机酸。针叶中抗坏血酸含量最高，根中则以草酸和抗坏血酸的含量最多。铝胁迫下，针叶中酒石酸、L-苹果酸、抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、富马酸含量呈先升高后降低的变化趋势，草酸的含量则呈升高的趋势。当铝胁迫浓度为1 mmol·L⁻¹时，针叶中L-苹果酸和富马酸的含量显著增加，其他4种有机酸含量则无显著变化。不同浓度铝胁迫下，根中6种有机酸含量均比对照显著降低。根尖分泌有机酸主要以草酸为主，还检测到少量L-苹果酸、抗坏血酸和乳酸。与对照相比，铝胁迫下根尖分泌的草酸含量均显著降低。结论杉木中不同有机酸以及不同组织对铝胁迫的响应不同。铝胁迫对杉木针叶中L-苹果酸和富马酸含量、根中6种有机酸含量和根尖草酸分泌量有显著影响。杉木根部比针叶对铝胁迫的响应更敏感，胁迫伤害更明显。
- 杉木 /
- 铝胁迫 /
- 有机酸 /
- 根系分泌物
Abstract: Objective Effect of aluminum (Al)-stress on organic acids in seedlings of Chinese fir, Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook, was examined in a simulated study. Method Nutrient culture solutions containing Al in varied concentrations were used to cultivate the seedlings. Organic acids in the plant tissues (i.e., needles and roots) and secreted from the root-tips of the seedlings grown in the media were determined to analyze the effect of Al-stress by a correlation analysis. Result Six organic acids including oxalic acid, tartaric acid, L-malate, ascorbic acid, citric acid, and fumaric acid were found in the needles and roots of the Chinese fir seedlings. Among them, ascorbic acid had the highest content in the needles, while ascorbic acid and oxalic acid in the roots. Under Al-stress, tartaric acid, L-malate, ascorbic acid, citric acid, and fumaric acid increased initially and followed by a decline in the needles, but the oxalic acid on a constant increase trend. At Al concentration of 1 mmol·L⁻¹, L-malic acid and fumaric acid significantly increased, with no significant changes on the other acids, in the needles. The contents of the 6 organic acids in roots of the plants under varied Al-stresses were significantly lower than those of control. Aside from minute amounts of L-malate, ascorbic acid, and lactic acid, oxalic acid was the major organic acids found in the root-tip exudate. It was significantly reduced by the imposition of Al-stress. Conclusion The responses of Chinese fir seedlings to the simulated Al-stress varied with respect to the organic acid contents in the needles or roots and the root-tip secretion. Significant effects were observed on L-malic acid and fumaric acid in the needles and on all 6 organic acids in the roots, as well as oxalic acid exudated from the root-tips. Al-stress appeared to exert greater harm to the roots than the needles on a fir plant.
- Chinese fir /
- aluminum stress /
- organic acid /
- root exudates

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图 1 不同有机酸溶液的液相色谱图

注：A，有机酸标准溶液；B，杉木针叶提取液；C，杉木根提取液；D，根尖分泌物。

Figure 1. Liquid chromatogram of organic acid solutions

Note: A: standard organic acid solutions; B: extract of Chinese fir needles; C: extract of Chinese fir roots; D: exudates from root-tips.

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表 1 各有机酸的线性范围、回归方程及相关系数

Table 1. Linear ranges, regression equations, and correlation coefficients on 6 organic acids

有机酸 Organic acids	线性范围 Linear range/ （mg·L⁻¹）	线性回归方程 Regression equation	相关系数 R² Correlation
草酸 Oxalic acid	19.76～197.60	y=1963.12x+15.23	0.99994
酒石酸 Tartaric acid	99.80～998.00	y=2505.44x−5.58	0.99995
L-苹果酸 L-malate	99.80～998.00	y=1195.33x−3.26	0.99994
抗坏血酸 Ascorbic acid	19.96～199.60	y=2612.34x−8.32	0.99991
乳酸 Latic acid	2.00～19.96	y=2810.59x−3.90	0.99995
柠檬酸 Citric acid	199.60～1996.00	y=2892.76x−2.65	0.99996
琥珀酸 Succinic acid	99.80～998.00	y=855.67x−2.66	0.99994
富马酸 Fumaric acid	2.00～19.96	y=4446.75x−4.36	0.99996

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表 2 铝胁迫下杉木针叶中有机酸含量的变化

Table 2. Changes on organic acids in needles of Chinese fir under Al-stress （单位：g·kg⁻¹）

有机酸 Organic acid	CK	1 mmol·L⁻¹ 铝胁迫 1 mmol·L⁻¹ Al concentration	3 mmol·L⁻¹ 铝胁迫 3 mmol·L⁻¹ Al concentration	5 mmol·L⁻¹ 铝胁迫 5 mmol·L⁻¹ Al concentration
草酸 Oxalic acid	0.71±0.03 a	0.89±0.13 a	0.75±0.08 a	0.90±0.17 a
酒石酸 Tartaric acid	1.17±0.12 a	1.27±0.14 a	1.15±0.09 a	1.04±0.08 a
L-苹果酸 L-malate	1.21±0.09 c	1.77±0.14 a	1.46±0.07 b	1.23±0.10 c
抗坏血酸 Ascorbic acid	16.23±0.69 ab	17.44±0.90 a	16.35±0.32 ab	15.37±0.69 b
柠檬酸 Citric acid	0.89±0.05 a	1.32±0.39 a	0.79±0.27 a	0.85±0.33 a
富马酸 Fumaric acid	5.84±0.32 c	9.90±1.11 a	10.51±0.76 a	7.59±0.30 b
注：同行数据后同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）。下同。 Note: Different lowercase letters in the same line mean significant differences (P＜0.05). The same below.

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表 3 铝胁迫下杉木根中有机酸含量的变化

Table 3. Changes on organic acids in roots of Chinese fir under Al-stress （单位：g·kg⁻¹）

有机酸 Organic acid	CK	1 mmol·L⁻¹ 铝胁迫 1 mmol·L⁻¹ Al concentration	3 mmol·L⁻¹ 铝胁迫 3 mmol·L⁻¹ Al concentration	5 mmol·L⁻¹ 铝胁迫 5 mmol·L⁻¹ Al concentration
草酸 Oxalic acid	1.88±0.21 a	1.11±0.44 b	0.89±0.13 b	0.61±0.11 b
酒石酸 Tartaric acid	0.29±0.02 a	0.16±0.01 b	0.14±0.01b	0.13±0.03 b
L-苹果酸 L-malate	1.82±0.01 a	1.19±0.13 b	0.91±0.41 bc	0.64±0.07 c
抗坏血酸 Ascorbic acid	3.49±0.75 a	1.91±0.19 b	1.57±0.17 b	1.49±0.25 b
柠檬酸 Citric acid	0.82±0.18 a	0.30±0.13 b	0.22±0.01 b	0.12±0.03 b
富马酸 Fumaric acid	9.51±2.36 a	0.88±0.05 b	0.57±0.02 b	0.50±0.02 b

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表 4 铝胁迫对杉木根尖有机酸分泌的影响

Table 4. Effects of Al-stress on organic acids secreted from root-tips of Chinese fir （单位：mg·L⁻¹）

有机酸 Organic acid	CK	1 mmol·L⁻¹ 铝胁迫 1 mmol·L⁻¹ Al concentration	3 mmol·L⁻¹ 铝胁迫 3 mmol·L⁻¹ Al concentration	5 mmol·L⁻¹ 铝胁迫 5 mmol·L⁻¹ Al concentration
草酸 Oxalic acid	126.57±18.69 a	67.79±18.43 b	85.85±23.15 b	71.81±4.01 b
L-苹果酸 L-malate	7.42±3.21 a	4.62±1.41 ab	3.54±0.26 b	5.67±0.60 ab
抗坏血酸 Ascorbic acid	0.52±0.05 b	1.22±0.48 a	0.65±0.22 ab	0.85±0.18 ab
乳酸 Latic acid	0.05±0.02 a	0.03±0.02 a	0.03±0.01 a	0.05±0.02 a

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表 5 杉木中有机酸、铝含量相关分析结果

Table 5. Correlations between organic acids and Al content in Chinese fir

有机酸 Organic acid	针叶铝 Needle Al	根铝 Root Al	针叶/根有机酸 Needle organic acid/ root organic acid
草酸 Oxalic acid	0.528	−0.666*	−0.304
酒石酸 Tartaric acid	−0.019	−0.927**	0.021
L-苹果酸 L-malate	0.491	−0.653*	−0.145
抗坏血酸 Ascorbic acid	0.091	−0.917**	−0.175
柠檬酸 Citric acid	0.238	−0.893**	−0.104
富马酸 Fumaric acid	0.818**	−0.995**	−0.799**
注：表示显著相关（P＜0.05），表示极显著相关（P＜0.01）。 Note: represented significant correlation（P＜0.05），** represented extremely significant correlation (P＜0.01).

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