杂交狼尾草饲粮中添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸对福清山羊生长性能及消化代谢的影响

李文杨; 吴贤锋; 占今舜; 霍俊宏; 黄勤楼; 刘远

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.11.013

杂交狼尾草饲粮中添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸对福清山羊生长性能及消化代谢的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.11.013

1.
福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 福建　福州　350013
2.
江西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 江西　南昌　330200

基金项目: 福建省科技计划公益类专项（2019R1026-10、2020R1026-14）；江西现代农业科研协同创新专项（JXXTCX201702-04）

详细信息

作者简介:
李文杨（1972−），男，硕士，副研究员，研究方向：草食动物高效养殖（E-mail: wy369@sina.com）

通讯作者:
刘远（1985−），男，硕士，副研究员，研究方向：草食动物高效养殖（E-mail： seayuan521@163.com）

中图分类号: S 827
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-09
- 修回日期: 2021-08-05
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-30
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-28

Effects of Hybrid Pennisetum Forage Supplemented with Rumen-protected Methionine on Growth and Nutrient Digestion of Fuqing Goats

1.
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350013, China
2.
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi　330200, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究杂交狼尾草饲粮中添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸（RPMet）对福清山羊生长性能及营养物质消化代谢的影响，为杂交狼尾草在肉羊育肥中的高效利用提供参考。方法选择经同一批次同期发情处理生产的体况良好、体重相近的4月龄福清山羊羯羊30只[(11.88±1.48) kg]作为试验羊，采用单因素试验设计，随机分成5组，每组6只。分为饲养试验和消化代谢试验，对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组在基础饲粮基础上每只羊添加RPMet 2.5、5.0、7.5和10 g·d⁻¹。饲养试验预试期15 d，正式期60 d，测定试验羊的生产性能；饲养试验中期各组随机选择3只试验羊进行消化代谢试验，测定试验羊对饲粮中养分表观消化率和氮代谢指标。结果 1）各组间DMI、IBW和FBW差异均不显著（P>0.05）；试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的总增重及ADG显著高于对照组（P<0.05），而与试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组差异不显著（P>0.05）。2）试验Ⅱ组试验羊对饲粮中干物质、有机物等6种营养物质的表观消化率均为最高，其中对GE、CP和ADF的表观消化率显著高于其他组（P<0.05），对干物质和有机物的表观消化率显著高于试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组和对照组（P<0.05），对NDF的表观消化率显著高于试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组（P<0.05）。3）对照组进食氮显著低于4个试验组（P<0.05）；试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的尿氮和粪氮分别最低，均显著高于其他试验组（P<0.05），而与对照组差异不显著（P>0.05）；试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组的沉积氮和氮沉积率均显著高于其他组（P<0.05）；试验Ⅰ组的氮生物学价值最高，显著高于试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组和对照组（P<0.05），试验Ⅳ组氮生物学价值显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论杂交狼尾草饲粮中每只羊添加2.5～5.0 g·d⁻¹ RPMet，有利于福清山羊对饲粮中各营养物质的消化利用，提高氮的利用效率，进而促进福清山羊育肥期生长。
- 杂交狼尾草 /
- 过瘤胃蛋氨酸 /
- 福清山羊 /
- 生长性能 /
- 消化代谢
Abstract: Objective Effects of feeding hybrid pennisetum forage supplemented with rumen-protected methionine (RPMet) on the growth and nutrient digestion and metabolism of Fuqing goat were studied. Method Thirty 4-month-old, 11.88±1.48 kg Fuqing goats from a same batch of estrus synchronization were randomly divided into 5 groups of 6 goats in each group. The feeding experiment including basic diet (CK) and an addition of RPMet at 2.5 g·d⁻¹ (Group Ⅰ), 5.0 g·d⁻¹ (Group Ⅱ), 7.5 g·d⁻¹ (Group Ⅲ), or 10 g·d⁻¹ (Group Ⅳ) started after a pre-testing period of 15 d to last for 60 d. In the middle of the feeding period, 3 goats were randomly selected from each group to determine the apparent nutrient digestion and nitrogen metabolism of the animals. Result (1) No significant differences in DMI, IBW, and FBW were found among all groups (P＞0.05). The total weight gain and ADG of Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of control (P＜0.05), but not on those of Group Ⅲ and Group Ⅳ (P＞0.05). (2) The apparent digestions of DM, OM, GE, NDF, ADF, and CP by the goats in Group Ⅱ were the highest. Those of GE, CP, and ADF were significantly higher in Group Ⅱ than in other groups (P＜0.05), those of DM and OM significantly higher than in Group Ⅲ and Group Ⅳ or control (P＜0.05), and that of NDF significantly higher than in Group Ⅲ and Group Ⅳ (P＜0.05). (3) The nitrogen intake of the goats in the control group was significantly lower than that of the treatment groups (P＜0.05). The urine and fecal nitrogen in goats of Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ were not significantly different from those of control (P＞0.05), but significantly higher than those of other test groups (P＜0.05). Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ animals also had significantly higher nitrogen deposition and deposition rate than those of other groups (P＜0.05). The biological value of nitrogen of the goats in Group Ⅰ was the highest and significantly higher than that in Group Ⅲ, Group Ⅳ, and control (P＜0.05), while Group Ⅳ was significantly lower than control (P＜0.05). Conclusion The supplementation of RPMet at a rate of 2.5～5.0 g·d⁻¹ in the hybrid pennisetum forage benefited nutrient digestion and utilization of the Fuqing goats which promoted fattening before slaughtering.
- Hybrid Pennisetum /
- RPMet /
- Fuqing goat /
- growth performance /
- nutrient digestion

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表 1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平（DM基础）

Table 1. Composition and nutrient levels of diet (DM basis)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（单位：%）

饲粮组成 Composition		营养水平 Nutrient levels²⁾
原料 Ingredients	含量 Content	项目 Items	含量 Content
杂交狼尾草 Hybrid penisetum	60.0	有机物 OM	89.5
米糠 Rice bran	10.0	总能 GE/(MJ·kg⁻¹)	16.6
玉米 Corn	16.0	代谢能 ME/( MJ·kg⁻¹)	7.8
豆粕 Soybean meal	7.0	粗蛋白质 CP	10.1
麸皮 Wheat bran	5.0	粗灰分 Ash	10.5
石粉 CaCO₃	0.4	中性洗涤纤维 NDF	70.1
磷酸氢钙 CaHCO₃	0.5	酸性洗涤纤维 ADF	63.9
食盐 NaCl	0.5
预混料 Premix¹⁾	0.6
合计 Total	100.0
注： 1）预混料为每千克饲粮提供Cu 20.0 mg，Fe 80.0 mg，Mn 30.0 mg，Zn 80.0 mg，I 1 mg，Se 0.30 mg，VA 20 000 IU，VD 5 000 IU，VE 50.0 mg。2）代谢能为计算值，其他均为实测值。 Note: 1) Premix provided 20.0 mg Cu, 80.0 mg Fe, 30.0 mg Mn, 80.0 mg Zn, 1mg I, 0.30 mg Se, 20 000 IU VA, 5 000 IU VD, and 50.0 mg VE per kg on diet. 2) ME is a calculated value; others are measured values.

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表 2 杂交狼尾草饲粮中添加RPMet对福清山羊生长性能的影响

Table 2. Effect of RPMet-added hybrid pennisetum forage on growth of Fuqing goats

项目 Items	始重 IBW/kg	末重 FBW/kg	总增重 Total gain/kg	平均日增重 ADG/（g·d⁻¹）	平均干物质采食量 DMI/(g·d⁻¹)
对照组 Control group	11.85±1.83	14.82±1.45	2.97±0.42 b	49.50±6.95 b	388.01±139.78
试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	11.97±1.45	15.79±1.39	3.82±0.55 a	63.73±9.20 a	469.86±40.93
试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	11.89±1.49	15.68±1.36	3.78±0.52 a	63.03±8.63 a	445.71±46.87
试验Ⅲ组 Trial group Ⅲ	11.85±1.62	15.27±1.30	3.43±0.50ab	57.10±8.37ab	461.06±123.44
试验Ⅳ组 Trial group Ⅳ	11.87±1.72	15.08±1.54	3.21±0.39 ab	53.50±6.51 ab	408.22±123.03
注：同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 Note: Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant difference (P<0.05). Same for below.

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表 3 杂交狼尾草饲粮中添加RPMet对福清山羊营养物质表观消化率的影响

Table 3. Effect of RPMet-supplemented hybrid pennisetum diet on apparent nutrient digestion of Fuqing goats （单位：%）

项目 Items	干物质 DM	有机物 OM	总能 GE	中性洗涤纤维 NDF	酸性洗涤纤维 ADF	粗蛋白质 CP
对照组 Control group	54.34±12.18 b	58.12±11.12 b	57.25±11.39 bc	40.89±14.70 ab	34.21±12.54 bc	67.56±9.20 b
试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	58.69±8.52 ab	61.44±8.11 ab	62.37±7.55 ab	47.08±11.74 ab	40.90±9.21 ab	72.83±5.20 b
试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	66.42±9.72 a	68.77±9.10 a	68.21±9.30 a	52.70±14.35 a	48.78±9.68 a	79.52±7.11 a
试验Ⅲ组 Trial group Ⅲ	50.21±12.16 b	53.95±11.26 b	51.57±12.14 c	39.83±9.99 b	37.37±7.38 bc	66.93±6.76 b
试验Ⅳ组 Trial group Ⅳ	53.35±11.15 b	56.88±10.43 b	54.56±11.18 bc	37.53±16.65 b	30.87±12.94 c	67.73±8.69 b

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表 4 杂交狼尾草饲粮中添加RPMet对福清山羊氮代谢的影响

Table 4. Effect of RPMet-supplemented hybrid pennisetum diet on nitrogen metabolism of Fuqing goats

项目 Items	进食氮 N intake/（g·d⁻¹）	粪氮 Feces N/（g·d⁻¹）	尿氮 Urine N/（g·d⁻¹）	沉积氮 N deposition/（g·d⁻¹）	氮沉积率 N retention rate/%	氮生物学价值 NVB/%
对照组 Control group	7.03±1.87 b	2.32±0.87 ab	2.05±0.89 bc	2.66±1.18 b	37.47±11.91 b	55.67±14.09 bc
试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	9.06±0.24 a	2.46±0.49 a	1.81±0.63 c	4.79±0.79 a	52.81±8.36 a	72.42±9.67 a
试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	9.07±0.29 a	1.85±0.63 b	2.65±0.87 ab	4.56±0.79 a	50.37±8.83 a	63.47±10.07 ab
试验Ⅲ组 Trial group Ⅲ	9.11±1.08 a	2.87±0.60 a	3.08±0.99 a	3.16±1.39 b	33.96±13.64 b	49.37±18.01 cd
试验Ⅳ组 Trial group Ⅳ	8.17±1.32 a	2.62±0.78 a	3.09±0.92 a	2.46±1.07 b	30.25±12.91 b	43.47±14.14 d

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