Growth Characteristics of Astragalus sinicus L. Varieties
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摘要:
目的 筛选生长性状表现好的紫云英品种,为福建地区紫云英优良品种的选择提供依据。 方法 田间试验条件下,观测20个紫云英品种不同生育期的生长性状指标,采用隶属函数分析和聚类分析法进行综合评价。 结果 20个紫云英品种的株高、茎粗、绿叶数、根长和根冠比在不同生育期差异显著(P<0.05),变幅分别为11.35~106.11 cm、1.78~5.23 cm、10.38~41.40、7.20~17.73 cm、0.03~0.75。隶属值从高到低依次为桂紫7号>南桥种>湘乡种>闽紫7号>信阳种>光泽种>萍宁72号>湘紫1号>84(8)7-1-1>余江大叶>常德种>宁波大桥>浙紫5号>闽紫6号>升钟紫云英>金沙种>大悟种>湘紫7号>桂早紫1号>闽紫1号。聚类分析结果表明,桂紫7号生长性状表现最优,南桥种、萍宁72号、湘乡种、常德种、光泽种、湘紫1号、闽紫6号、宁波大桥、闽紫7号、大悟种、升钟紫云英和84(8)7-1-1生长性状表现较好,余江大叶、浙紫5号、信阳种、金沙种、湘紫7号、桂早紫1号和闽紫1号生长性状表现较差,与隶属函数分析结果一致。 结论 桂紫7号为福建地区生长性状表现最好的紫云英品种。 Abstract:Objective Growth characteristics of 20 varieties of Astragalus sinicus L. were examined for cultivation as green manure in Fujian. Method In a field experiment, characteristics of selected A. sinicus plants in different growth periods were monitored for a comprehensive evaluation by means of membership function and cluster analyses. Result There were significant differences in plant height, stem thick, green leaf count, root length, and root/shoot ratio among the 20 varieties at different growth periods (P<0.05). Respectively, they ranged from 11.35 to 106.11 cm, from 1.78 to 5.23 cm, from 10.38 to 41.40, from 7.20 to 17.73 cm, and from 0.03 to 0.75. The membership function values on the varieties ranked as Guizi No.7>Nanqiao>Xiangxiang>Minzi No.7>Xinyang>Guangze>Pingning No.72>Xiangzi No.1>84(8)7-1-1>Yujiang Daye>Changde>Ningbo Daqiao>Zhezi No.5>Minzi No.6>Shengzhong>Jinsha>Dawu>Xiangzi No.7>Guizaozi No.1>Minzi No.1. According to the cluster analysis, Guizi No.7 displayed best on the growth characteristics, while Nanqiao, Pingning No.72, Xiangxiang, Changde, Guangze, Xiangzi No.1, Minzi No.6, Ningbo Daqiao, Minzi No.7, Dawu, Shengzhong, and 84(8)7-1-1 better, and Yujiang Daye, Zhezi No.5, Xinyang, Jinsha, Xiangzi No.7, Guizaozi No.1, and Minzi No.1 poor. The two separate analyses rendered same conclusion on the evaluation. Conclusion Guizi No.7 appeared to have the most desirable growth characteristics and was consider the top choice for cultivation promotion in Fujian. -
Key words:
- Astragalus sinicus L. /
- variety /
- growth period /
- growth characteristics /
- Fujian
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表 1 不同生育期紫云英品种的株高
Table 1. Plant heights of A. sinicus varieties in different growth periods
品种
Variety株高 Plant height/cm 分枝期
Branching period现蕾期
Squaring period初花期
Initial flowering period盛花期
Full-bloom period成熟期
Mature period光泽种 Guangze 23.94±2.14 cd 37.60±2.02 ab 51.14±0.55 ab 89.43±1.97 abcd 92.36±1.97 abc 信阳种 Xinyang 11.35±0.59 d 24.27±1.44 b 41.32±1.13 b 66.90±0.62 d 70.24±1.98 d 宁波大桥 Ningbo Daqiao 18.74±1.16 abcd 29.55±2.11 ab 43.66±2.01 b 82.16±0.89 abcd 85.25±2.25 abcd 湘乡种 Xiangxiang 22.52±1.72 abcd 41.04±2.83 ab 58.50±1.50 ab 70.26±0.71 cd 76.20±2.16 cd 南桥种 Nanqiao 12.34±0.81 d 31.11±1.72 ab 37.18±0.97 b 68.03±2.22 cd 81.00±2.50 cd 萍宁72号 Pingning No.72 22.23±2.38 abcd 44.53±1.02 ab 46.50±0.50 b 84.43±0.52 abcd 85.55±0.86 abcd 常德种 Changde 15.50±1.25 cd 29.46±1.42 ab 37.13±2.67 b 71.19±2.14 cd 80.07±1.03 cd 大悟种 Dawu 19.24±1.52 abcd 38.78±2.20 ab 52.45±2.45 ab 78.50±0.51 abcd 91.11±1.45 abcd 升钟紫云英 Shengzhong 22.12±1.87 abcd 38.30±0.77 ab 41.85±1.92 b 90.67±0.67 abc 93.82±0.56 abc 余江大叶 Yujiang Daye 11.76±1.23 d 31.06±2.05 ab 37.90±2.93 b 71.16±2.13 cd 78.72±1.75 cd 金沙种 Jinsha 16.43±1.42 cd 45.50±2.50 ab 45.75±2.74 b 75.32±0.79 bcd 76.36±2.18 cd 浙紫5号 Zhezi No.5 19.80±1.80 abcd 40.85±2.13 ab 45.52±1.97 b 73.54±2.49 cd 77.91±1.87 cd 闽紫1号 Minzi No.1 22.43±1.79 abcd 48.19±1.17 ab 48.31±2.29 b 80.73±2.18 abcd 81.85±1.54 bcd 闽紫6号 Minzi No.6 30.51±1.98 abc 50.50±2.25 ab 53.68±1.79 ab 84.48±2.71 abcd 86.33±2.67 abcd 闽紫7号 Minzi No.7 26.69±2.05 abcd 46.42±1.79 ab 47.73±2.06 b 79.40±2.42 abcd 87.43±1.98 abcd 84(8)7-1-1 31.13±1.54 abc 74.50±1.50 a 82.40±0.60 a 99.27±2.06 a 106.11±0.58 a 桂早紫1号 Guizaozi No.1 34.36±1.45 a 44.71±2.30 ab 46.61±1.48 b 76.85±0.65 abcd 81.20±1.59 cd 桂紫7号 Guizi No.7 34.15±1.56 ab 49.20±1.83 ab 58.30±0.40 ab 97.65±2.65 ab 103.46±0.37 ab 湘紫1号 Xiangzi No.1 17.10±1.47 bcd 44.66±2.06 ab 44.75±2.10 b 75.11±1.92 bcd 82.75±0.75 bcd 湘紫7号 Xiangzi No.7 20.45±1.69 abcd 41.50±1.85 ab 52.50±1.76 ab 71.43±1.39 cd 79.35±1.85 cd 注:同列数据后不同小写字母表示不同品种间差异显著(P<0.05),下同。
Note: Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences among different varieties (P<0.05), the same as below.表 2 不同生育期紫云英品种的茎粗
Table 2. Stem thickness of A. sinicus varieties in different growth periods
品种
Variety茎粗 Stem thick/cm 分枝期
Branching period现蕾期
Squaring period初花期
Initial flowering period盛花期
Full-bloom period成熟期
Mature period光泽种 Guangze 2.11±0.27 abc 3.17±0.24 abc 3.34±0.24 ab 3.57±0.30 ab 3.89±0.44 ab 信阳种 Xinyang 1.83±0.20 bc 3.35±0.23 abc 3.45±0.26 ab 4.09±0.29 ab 4.95±0.19 ab 宁波大桥 Ningbo Daqiao 2.07±0.22 abc 3.59±0.35 abc 3.80±0.30 ab 3.82±0.28 ab 4.22±0.38 ab 湘乡种 Xiangxiang 2.13±0.17 abc 3.82±0.28 ab 3.87±0.47 ab 4.04±0.23 ab 4.39±0.35 ab 南桥种 Nanqiao 2.16±0.38 abc 3.75±0.77 ab 3.77±0.39 ab 3.90±0.37 ab 4.06±0.52 ab 萍宁72号 Pingning No.72 1.96±0.23 abc 2.28±0.23 c 2.85±0.28 b 3.62±0.15 ab 4.07±0.30 ab 常德种 Changde 1.78±0.08 c 3.25±0.15 abc 3.29±0.32 ab 3.69±0.51 ab 3.75±0.19 ab 大悟种 Dawu 2.31±0.16 abc 3.01±0.19 abc 3.08±0.36 ab 3.39±0.22 ab 3.72±0.45 ab 升钟紫云英 Shengzhong 2.82±0.25 abc 2.97±0.18 abc 3.27±0.28 ab 3.32±0.29 b 4.04±0.43 ab 余江大叶 Yujiang Daye 2.74±0.41 abc 3.42±0.26 abc 4.10±0.41 ab 4.50±0.35 ab 4.81±0.50 ab 金沙种 Jinsha 3.11±0.30 ab 3.78±0.42 ab 4.02±0.35 ab 4.04±0.12 ab 4.11±0.26 ab 浙紫5号 Zhezi No.5 2.90±0.15 abc 3.87±0.27 a 4.33±0.45 a 5.05±0.27 a 5.10±0.32 ab 闽紫1号 Minzi No.1 2.47±0.20 abc 2.87±0.04 abc 3.07±0.44 ab 3.41±0.39 ab 4.24±0.36 ab 闽紫6号 Minzi No.6 1.82±0.17 bc 2.76±0.12 abc 2.99±0.23 ab 3.25±0.33 b 3.50±0.23 b 闽紫7号 Minzi No.7 2.44±0.31 abc 3.11±0.24 abc 3.52±0.45 ab 3.76±0.19 ab 4.79±0.28 ab 84(8)7-1-1 2.38±0.12 abc 2.61±0.21 abc 2.88±0.25 b 3.42±0.34 ab 3.43±0.40 b 桂早紫1号 Guizaozi No.1 2.50±0.15 abc 2.55±0.15 bc 3.22±0.16 ab 3.61±0.20 ab 4.05±0.31 ab 桂紫7号 Guizi No.7 3.26±0.23 a 3.88±0.17 a 3.92±0.14 ab 5.03±0.18 a 5.23±0.29 a 湘紫1号 Xiangzi No.1 2.24±0.16 abc 2.83±0.35 abc 3.17±0.60 ab 3.55±0.39 ab 4.02±0.27 ab 湘紫7号 Xiangzi No.7 2.68±0.22 abc 3.68±0.19 ab 3.72±0.36 ab 3.73±0.22 ab 3.83±0.15 ab 表 3 不同生育期紫云英品种的绿叶数
Table 3. Green leaf counts of A. sinicus varieties in different growth periods
品种
Variety绿叶数 Number of green leaf /片 分枝期
Branching period现蕾期
Squaring period初花期
Initial flowering period盛花期
Full-bloom period成熟期
Mature period光泽种 Guangze 17.75±2.76 bcd 27.44±2.50 abc 27.18±2.57 ab 11.80±1.55 c 6.10±1.41 bcd 信阳种 Xinyang 16.16±1.27 bcd 27.72±1.35 abc 34.63±0.98 ab 22.43±2.67 abc 9.93±2.40 abcd 宁波大桥 Ningbo Daqiao 21.83±2.82 abcd 23.63±1.02 bc 31.43±1.43 ab 19.52±2.35 abc 6.44±0.99 bcd 湘乡种 Xiangxiang 22.63±2.54 abc 31.04±1.84 abc 28.52±0.36 ab 17.43±1.72 abc 8.75±0.52 abcd 南桥种 Nanqiao 23.14±1.22 ab 32.75±2.71 abc 24.63±1.25 ab 21.14±1.88 abc 11.78±2.17 ab 萍宁72号 Pingning No.72 11.75±1.51 cd 26.80±1.78 abc 19.11±2.31 b 17.15±1.34 abc 7.87±0.40 abcd 常德种 Changde 18.62±1.35 bcd 20.30±1.48 c 28.17±2.46 ab 24.68±0.98 a 8.43±1.59 abcd 大悟种 Dawu 15.15±1.60 bcd 28.88±2.37 abc 22.71±2.17 ab 21.63±1.18 abc 3.94±0.55 cd 升钟紫云英 Shengzhong 23.83±1.92 ab 32.12±1.68 abc 20.82±2.81 ab 20.14±1.36 abc 7.35±0.41 bcd 余江大叶 Yujiang Daye 23.56±2.63 ab 41.40±2.53 a 36.13±1.36 ab 23.25±1.63 abc 4.29±0.49 cd 金沙种 Jinsha 22.17±2.79 abc 37.67±1.07 abc 24.43±2.27 ab 24.14±2.03 ab 9.31±1.83 abcd 浙紫5号 Zhezi No.5 23.51±2.63 ab 35.25±2.83 abc 30.86±1.26 ab 24.73±1.97 a 3.32±0.82 d 闽紫1号 Minzi No.1 21.43±2.18 abcd 23.57±0.96 bc 24.60±1.45 ab 23.50±0.83 abc 4.26±0.33 cd 闽紫6号 Minzi No.6 10.38±1.16 cd 22.30±1.54 bc 17.35±2.56 b 12.81±0.94 bc 7.30±0.34 bcd 闽紫7号 Minzi No.7 18.14±1.53 bcd 36.29±2.30 abc 16.96±1.68 b 16.20±1.95 abc 8.55±1.66 abcd 84(8)7-1-1 19.13±0.90 bcd 23.43±1.62 bc 18.04±1.37 b 16.37±1.74 abc 8.94±2.03 abcd 桂早紫1号 Guizaozi No.1 22.46±1.73 abc 34.05±2.03 abc 41.40±3.37 a 23.87±2.71 ab 10.28±1.89 abc 桂紫7号 Guizi No.7 32.35±1.81 a 39.31±1.14 ab 35.17±1.25 ab 23.56±2.50 abc 14.35±0.88 a 湘紫1号 Xiangzi No.1 20.33±1.94 bcd 34.75±2.36 abc 18.19±2.13 b 14.74±2.77 abc 6.27±1.95 cd 湘紫7号 Xiangzi No.7 31.75±1.90 a 31.83±3.21 abc 23.95±0.77 ab 18.88±0.85 abc 8.73±1.36 abcd 表 4 不同生育期紫云英品种的根长
Table 4. Root lengths of A. sinicus varieties in different growth periods
品种
Variety根长 Root length/cm 分枝期
Branching period现蕾期
Squaring period初花期
Initial flowering period盛花期
Full-bloom period成熟期
Mature period光泽种 Guangze 11.57±0.94 ab 12.19±0.81 ab 13.41±1.21 abc 16.84±0.95 a 17.43±0.71 a 信阳种 Xinyang 8.20±1.04 bcd 12.71±1.88 ab 13.63±1.13 abc 13.80±0.76 b 15.61±1.13 abcd 宁波大桥 Ningbo Daqiao 9.27±0.91 bcd 9.80±1.31 b 15.57±0.99 ab 15.66±1.03 ab 17.10±1.16 ab 湘乡种 Xiangxiang 10.13±0.70 bcd 10.74±0.72 b 11.65±0.79 c 12.03±0.63 bc 17.33±1.25 a 南桥种 Nanqiao 9.61±0.69 bcd 9.70±1.15 b 10.86±0.86 c 12.66±0.93 bc 16.21±1.23 abcd 萍宁72号 Pingning No.72 9.08±0.54 bcd 10.52±0.65 b 11.67±0.60 c 14.33±0.90 b 14.42±0.87 bcde 常德种 Changde 11.33±0.74 abc 11.44±0.76 ab 12.92±0.87 bc 13.25±1.02 bc 17.14±1.05 ab 大悟种 Dawu 10.27±0.64 bcd 10.40±0.78 b 12.61±0.79 bc 14.52±1.11 ab 16.11±0.85 abc 升钟紫云英 Shengzhong 9.32±0.63 bcd 10.03±0.53 b 10.93±0.73 c 12.72±0.61 bc 15.68±1.01 abcd 余江大叶 Yujiang Daye 7.81±0.39 cd 11.32±0.62 ab 13.59±1.13 abc 14.91±0.80 ab 15.89±1.28 abcd 金沙种 Jinsha 8.58±0.97 bcd 10.81±1.31 ab 12.80±1.41 bc 13.93±1.15 b 14.88±1.30 abcde 浙紫5号 Zhezi No.5 9.69±0.72 bcd 10.24±1.13 b 11.71±0.50 c 13.09±1.32 bc 16.02±1.27 abcd 闽紫1号 Minzi No.1 9.25±0.74 bcd 10.94±0.74 ab 12.17±1.16 c 12.41±0.36 bc 13.18±0.90 de 闽紫6号 Minzi No.6 10.14±0.88 bcd 10.36±0.50 b 12.89±0.85 bc 13.33±0.73 b 15.71±1.24 abcd 闽紫7号 Minzi No.7 9.32±0.57 bcd 10.02±0.79 b 10.50±0.64 c 13.04±1.29 bc 16.96±1.01 abc 84(8)7-1-1 8.55±0.73 bcd 12.10±0.53 ab 13.76±0.54 abc 14.54±1.03 ab 16.93±0.92 abc 桂早紫1号 Guizaozi No.1 9.77±0.86 bcd 10.79±0.87 b 11.13±0.97 c 11.40±1.07 bc 12.07±0.52 e 桂紫7号 Guizi No.7 13.95±1.89 a 14.27±0.43 a 16.38±1.06 a 17.12±0.81 a 17.73±1.67 a 湘紫1号 Xiangzi No.1 7.20±0.51 d 12.48±1.48 ab 12.57±1.47 bc 13.79±0.30 b 16.94±1.10 abc 湘紫7号 Xiangzi No.7 8.19±0.56 bcd 9.53±0.97 b 13.41±0.82 abc 13.43±1.20 b 13.47±1.33 cde 表 5 不同生育期紫云英品种的根冠比
Table 5. Root/shoot ratio of A. sinicus varieties in different growth periods
品种
Variety根冠比 Root/shoot ratio 分枝期
Branching period现蕾期
Squaring period初花期
Initial flowering period盛花期
Full-bloom period成熟期
Mature period光泽种 Guangze 0.05±0.01 cde 0.07±0.88 bcd 0.14±0.08 ab 0.24±0.04 ab 0.48±0.18 abcd 信阳种 Xinyang 0.05±0.88 cde 0.07±0.01 bcd 0.13±0.14 ab 0.18±0.06 bc 0.52±0.06 abcd 宁波大桥 Ningbo Daqiao 0.05±0.11 cde 0.06±0.02 cd 0.09±0.03 b 0.11±0.04 bcd 0.28±0.07 de 湘乡种 Xiangxiang 0.04±0.72 de 0.06±0.03 cd 0.11±0.01 ab 0.24±0.07 ab 0.53±0.17 abcd 南桥种 Nanqiao 0.06±0.02 cde 0.11±0.09 bc 0.14±0.02 ab 0.25±0.03 ab 0.75±0.15 a 萍宁72号 Pingning No.72 0.03±0.01 e 0.08±0.03 bcd 0.16±0.01 ab 0.24±0.01 ab 0.72±0.23 ab 常德种 Changde 0.06±0.04 cde 0.09±0.01 bcd 0.11±0.09 ab 0.15±0.04 bcd 0.43±0.15 abcde 大悟种 Dawu 0.03±0.05 e 0.06±0.05 cd 0.09±0.03 b 0.22±0.07 b 0.38±0.12 cde 升钟紫云英 Shengzhong 0.05±0.03 cde 0.06±0.02 cd 0.07±0.01 b 0.13±0.03 bcd 0.24±0.04 de 余江大叶 Yujiang Daye 0.10±0.02 b 0.12±0.03 b 0.15±0.13 ab 0.18±0.02 bc 0.53±0.15 abcd 金沙种 Jinsha 0.03±0.01 e 0.07±0.06 bcd 0.16±0.02 ab 0.21±0.04 b 0.49±0.15 abcd 浙紫5号 Zhezi No.5 0.04±0.02 de 0.05±0.04 d 0.12±0.17 ab 0.13±0.02 bcd 0.38±0.13 cde 闽紫1号 Minzi No.1 0.04±0.06 de 0.06±0.01 cd 0.08±0.02 b 0.17±0.04 bc 0.41±0.10 bcde 闽紫6号 Minzi No.6 0.05±0.44 cde 0.09±0.10 bcd 0.15±0.04 ab 0.19±0.05 bc 0.55±0.23 abcd 闽紫7号 Minzi No.7 0.05±0.15 cde 0.08±0.10 bcd 0.13±0.07 ab 0.21±0.10 b 0.25±0.07 de 84(8)7-1-1 0.03±0.09 e 0.05±0.02 d 0.06±0.01 b 0.10±0.02 bcd 0.14±0.06 e 桂早紫1号 Guizaozi No.1 0.06±0.31 cde 0.11±0.03 bc 0.12±0.11 ab 0.15±0.18 bcd 0.26±0.13 de 桂紫7号 Guizi No.7 0.16±0.05 a 0.18±0.05 a 0.22±0.17 a 0.36±0.12 a 0.70±0.19 abc 湘紫1号 Xiangzi No.1 0.08±0.02 bc 0.11±0.05 bc 0.13±0.05 ab 0.21±0.03 b 0.57±0.21 abcd 湘紫7号 Xiangzi No.7 0.04±0.17 de 0.05±0.01 d 0.17±0.07 ab 0.25±0.03 ab 0.39±0.16 bcde 表 6 不同紫云英品种生长性状的隶属函数分析
Table 6. Membership function values on growth characteristics of A. sinicus varieties
品种
Variety株高
Plant height根冠比
Root/shoot ratio根长
Root length绿叶数
Green leaf number茎粗
Stem thick平均值
Average排名
Ranking光泽种 Guangze 0.617 0.557 0.947 0.252 0.256 0.526 6 信阳种 Xinyang 0.019 0.623 0.625 0.599 0.844 0.542 5 宁波大桥 Ningbo Daqiao 0.418 0.230 0.889 0.283 0.439 0.452 12 湘乡种 Xiangxiang 0.166 0.639 0.929 0.492 0.533 0.552 3 南桥种 Nanqiao 0.300 0.972 0.731 0.767 0.344 0.623 2 萍宁72号 Pingning No.72 0.427 0.951 0.415 0.413 0.356 0.512 7 常德种 Changde 0.274 0.475 0.896 0.463 0.178 0.457 11 大悟种 Dawu 0.582 0.393 0.714 0.056 0.161 0.381 17 升钟紫云英 Shengzhong 0.657 0.164 0.638 0.365 0.339 0.433 15 余江大叶 Yujiang Daye 0.236 0.639 0.675 0.088 0.767 0.481 10 金沙种 Jinsha 0.171 0.574 0.496 0.543 0.378 0.432 16 浙紫5号 Zhezi No.5 0.214 0.393 0.698 0.010 0.928 0.449 13 闽紫1号 Minzi No.1 0.324 0.443 0.196 0.085 0.450 0.300 20 闽紫6号 Minzi No.6 0.449 0.672 0.643 0.361 0.039 0.434 14 闽紫7号 Minzi No.7 0.479 0.180 0.864 0.474 0.756 0.551 4 84(8)7-1-1 0.963 0.098 0.859 0.510 0.026 0.484 9 桂早紫1号 Guizaozi No.1 0.306 0.197 0.086 0.631 0.344 0.313 19 桂紫7号 Guizi No.7 0.926 0.918 0.954 0.866 0.949 0.923 1 湘紫1号 Xiangzi No.1 0.349 0.705 0.860 0.267 0.328 0.502 8 湘紫7号 Xiangzi No.7 0.254 0.410 0.247 0.490 0.222 0.325 18 表 7 紫云英不同类型生长性状与方差分析
Table 7. Growth characteristics and variance of different types of A. sinicus
类别
Cluster平均隶属度
Average membership degree株高
Plant height茎粗
Stem thick绿叶数
Green leaf number根长
Root length根冠比
Root/shoot ratio第一类 First cluster 0.41±0.03b 77.95±2.27c 4.44±0.43b 7.16±1.28b 14.45±0.75c 0.43±0.76b 第二类 Second cluster 0.50±0.26b 87.33±0.55b 3.99±0.90c 7.64±0.84b 16.50±1.04b 0.44±0.36b 第三类 Third cluster 0.92±0.18a 103.46±0.93a 5.23±0.17a 14.35±1.69a 17.73±1.64a 0.70±0.22a -
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