粪肥对苏打盐碱地土壤有机碳组分特征的影响

韩雨航; 马玉涛; 苑佰飞; 王永; 张晋京

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.003.015

粪肥对苏打盐碱地土壤有机碳组分特征的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.003.015

韩雨航^1,,
马玉涛^{1, 2},
苑佰飞¹,
王永¹,
张晋京^1, ,

1.
吉林农业大学资源与环境学院/吉林省商品粮基地土壤资源可持续利用重点实验室，吉林长春 130118
2.
吉林省土壤肥料总站，吉林长春 130012

基金项目: 吉林省科技发展计划项目（20200201052JC）

详细信息

作者简介:
韩雨航（1997-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤改良研究（E-mail：32625508@qq.com）

通讯作者:
张晋京（1972−），男，博士，教授，主要从事土壤化学研究（E-mail：zhangjinjing@126.com）

中图分类号: S 152.4；S 153.6
计量
- 文章访问数: 414
- HTML全文浏览量: 107
- PDF下载量: 23
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-05
- 修回日期: 2022-02-10
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-28

Effect of Manure Fertilization on Soda Saline-Alkali Soil in Western Jilin Province

HAN Yuhang^1
,,
MA Yutao^{1, 2},
YUAN Baifei¹,
WANG Yong¹,
ZHANG Jinjing^{1
, ,}

1.
Key Laboratory of Soil Resource Sustainable Utilization for Commodity Grain Bases of Jilin Province/College of Resource and Environmental Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin　130118, China
2.
Jilin Soil and Fertilizer Station, Changchun, Jilin　130012, China

摘要

摘要: 目的通过田间试验，研究牛粪和羊粪等碳量施用对吉林省西部苏打盐碱土的改良和培肥效果，为揭示苏打盐碱土有机培肥机制、科学培肥苏打盐碱土壤提供依据。方法于2017年开始在吉林省白城市镇赉县典型苏打盐碱土地区进行田间试验，设3个处理：对照（不施用粪肥）、牛粪和羊粪，对试验设置的土壤pH值、可溶盐总量及其组成、交换性钠含量、阳离子交换量和有机碳各组分进行含量测定与结果分析。结果与对照处理相比，施用2种粪肥对土壤pH值、水稳性团聚体粒径分布和平均重量直径没有显著的影响；施用牛粪使土壤总有机碳、水溶性有机碳和胡敏素碳含量分别增加27.2%、55.6%和36.8%，羊粪则分别增加了52.8%、122%和82.1%；施用2种粪肥可以显著提高水稳性团聚体有机碳含量；与施用牛粪相比，施用羊粪条件下土壤具有更高的全盐量、交换性钠、阳离子交换量、总有机碳、水溶性有机碳、胡敏酸碳、胡敏素碳、水稳性团聚体碳、烷基碳和芳香碳比例以及烷基碳/烷氧碳和疏水碳/亲水碳比值，同时具有更低的碱化度、烷氧碳和羧基碳比例以及脂族碳/芳香碳比值。结论施用粪肥能够提高土壤有机碳及其组分的含量，同时改善土壤有机质品质，但短期内对于土壤结构性没有改善作用；施用羊粪对于降低土壤碱化程度和提高土壤有机碳含量的效果更为明显，而施用牛粪则更有利于提高土壤有机质的品质，两者的合理配施将会促进苏打盐碱土的改良和肥力提升。
- 羊粪 /
- 牛粪 /
- 苏打盐碱土 /
- 土壤碱化度 /
- 土壤有机碳 /
- 土壤团聚体
Abstract: Objective Applications of cattle and sheep manures for fertilization on soda saline-alkali soil in western Jilin Province were compared. Methods Started in 2017 a field experiment for the fertilization study was carried out on a typical soda saline-alkali land in Zhenlai County, Baicheng City, Jilin Province. Three treatments including control and the uses of cattle or sheep dung on the randomly selected lots were designed to generate information on the pH, total soluble salts, exchangeable sodium content, cation exchange capacity, and organic carbon content in soil for the comparison. Results The application of either cow or sheep manure had no significant effect on soil pH, particle size distribution and mean weight diameter of water-stable aggregates. However, cow manure rose the total organic carbon, water-soluble organic carbon, and humus carbon by 27.2%, 55.6%, and 36.8%, respectively, while sheep manure 52.8%, 122%, and 82.1%, respectively. Both applications significantly increased the organic carbon in the water-stable aggregates. However, the total salt, exchangeable sodium, cation exchange capacity, total organic carbon, water-soluble organic carbon, humic acid carbon, humus carbon, water-stable agglomeration body, and ratios of alkyl/aromatic carbon, alkyl/alkoxy carbon, and hydrophobic/hydrophilic carbon were higher, but the alkalinity, and alkoxy/carboxyl carbon and aliphatic/aromatic carbon ratios lower, in the soil fertilized with sheep manure than cow manure. Conclusion The application of cow or sheep manure increased the contents and enriched the components of organic carbons and also improved the quality of organic matters in soil. It did not significantly alter the soil structure in the short term, however. Sheep dung was more effective in ameliorating the soil degradation and in increasing the soil organic carbon, whereas cow manure more conducive to improving the quality of organic matters. Thus, using both materials simultaneously could maximize the effect on soda saline-alkali soil.
- Sheep manure /
- cattle manure /
- soda saline-alkali soil /
- soil exchangeable sodium percentage /
- soil organic carbon /
- soil aggregates

HTML全文

图 1 粪肥对苏打盐碱地土壤固态¹³C核磁共振波谱的影响

注： a：对照；b：牛粪；c：羊粪。

Figure 1. Effect of manure application as indicated by solid-state¹³C NMR spectroscopy of soda saline-alkali soil

Note: a.: Control; b.: Cow manure; c.: Sheep manure.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 粪肥对苏打盐碱地土壤水稳性团聚体有机碳含量的影响

Figure 2. Effects of manure application on organic carbon in water-stable aggregates of soda saline-alkali soil

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 粪肥对苏打盐碱地土壤基本性质的影响

Table 1. Effects of manure application on basic properties of soda saline-alkali soil

处理 Treatment	pH	全盐量 Total salt/%	交换性钠 Exchangeable Na⁺/（coml·kg⁻¹）	阳离子交换量 CEC/（coml·kg⁻¹）	碱化度 Alkalinity/%	CO₃^2–/ (coml·kg⁻¹)	HCO₃^–/ (coml·kg⁻¹)
对照 Control	9.51±0.11 a	0.24±0.03 b	6.44±0.21 b	16.3±0.41 b	39.5±2.06 a	0.19±0.01 a	0.35±0.02 a
牛粪 Cow manure	9.30±0.26 a	0.19±0.03 b	6.58±0.29 b	16.4±0.39 b	40.1±1.03 a	0.16±0.00 b	0.35±0.02 a
羊粪 Sheep manure	9.47±0.04 a	0.28±0.02 a	7.41±0.09 a	20.2±0.13 a	36.8±0.49 b	0.19±0.00 a	0.37±0.00 a
注：不同小写字母表示同列数值差异显著（P≤0.05）。表3～4、图2同。 Note: Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in values in the same column (P≤0.05). The same as Tab. 3 - 4 and Fig. 2.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 粪肥对苏打盐碱地土壤有机碳含量和化学组成的影响

Table 2. Effect of manure application on organic carbons in soda saline-alkali soil

处理 Treatment	有机碳 Soil organic carbon/（g·kg⁻¹）	烷基碳 Alkylcarbon/%	烷氧碳 Alkoxycarbon/%	芳香碳 Aromatic carbon/%	羧基碳 Carboxyl carbon/%	烷基碳/烷氧碳 Alkylcarbon/ Alkoxycarbon	脂族碳/芳香碳 Aliphaticcarbon/ Aromaticcarbon	疏水碳/亲水碳 Hydrophobiccarbon/ Hydrophiliccarbon
对照 Control	5.00±0.14 c	22.7±0.06 b	28.0±0.06 c	34.7±0.06 a	14.5±0.15 b	0.81±0.10 ab	1.46±0.09 b	1.35±0.10 a
牛粪 Cow manure	6.36±0.13 b	22.3±0.06 c	33.0±0.10 a	29.8±0.06 c	14.9±0.10 a	0.68±0.02 b	1.86±0.22 a	1.09±0.06 b
羊粪 Sheep manure	7.64±0.02 a	25.1±0.06 a	29.2±0.15 b	32.5±0.10 b	13.2±0.10 c	0.86±0.07 a	1.67±0.00 ab	1.36±0.08 a

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 粪肥对苏打盐碱地土壤腐殖质碳的影响

Table 3. Effect of manure application on soil humus carbon in soda saline-alkali soil （单位：g·kg⁻¹）

处理 Treatment	水溶性碳 Water soluble carbon	胡敏酸碳 Humic acid carbon	富里酸碳 Furi acid porridge	胡敏素碳 Humin carbon
对照 Control	0.18±0.00 c	1.27±0.05 b	0.64±0.03 b	2.91±0.17 c
牛粪 Cow manure	0.28±0.01 b	1.22±0.02 b	0.89±0.02 a	3.98±0.14 b
羊粪 Sheep manure	0.40±0.07 a	1.58±0.03 a	0.36±0.04 c	5.30±0.05 a

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 粪肥对苏打盐碱地土壤水稳性团聚体粒径分布和平均重量直径（MWD）的影响

Table 4. Effects of manure application on particle size distribution and mean weight diameter (MWD) of water-stable aggregates in soda saline-alkali soil

处理 Treatment	粒径分布 Particle size distribution/%				MWD/mm
	大团聚体 Large aggregates		微团聚体 Microaggregates	粉黏粒组分 Powder clay component
	＞2.00 mm	2.00～0.25 mm	0.25～0.053 mm	＜0.053 mm
对照 Control	56.3±13.6	7.72±10.5	9.81±2.16	26.2±17.7	3.49±0.81
牛粪 Cow manure	49.5±19.1	4.88±2.68	14.0±19.5	31.6±15.8	3.06±1.16
羊粪 Sheep manure	76.1±9.33	1.56±0.96	4.77±3.60	17.6±5.09 a	4.59±0.54

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(32)

[1]	朱晶, 张巳奇, 冉成, 等. 秸秆还田对松嫩平原西部苏打盐碱地稻田土壤养分及产量的影响 [J]. 东北农业科学, 2021, 46(1):42−46,51. ZHU J, ZHANG S Q, RAN C, et al. Effects of straw returning on soil nutrient and yield of paddy field in soda saline-alkali soil in the west of Songnen plain [J]. Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 46(1): 42−46,51.(in Chinese)
[2]	陈晓东, 吴景贵, 范围, 等. 有机物料对原生盐碱土微团聚体特征及稳定性的影响 [J]. 水土保持学报, 2020, 34(2):201−207. CHEN X D, WU J G, FAN W, et al. Effect of organic materials on the characteristics and stability of micro-aggregates in the native saline-alkali soil [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2020, 34(2): 201−207.(in Chinese)
[3]	季佳鹏, 赵欣宇, 吴景贵, 等. 有机肥替代20%化肥提高黑钙土养分有效性及玉米产量 [J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2021, 27(3):491−499. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.20357 JI J P, ZHAO X Y, WU J G, et al. Replacing 20% of chemical nitrogen with manures to increase soil nutrient availability and maize yield in a chernozem soil [J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2021, 27(3): 491−499.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11674/zwyf.20357
[4]	李玉珠, 熊峰, 孟庆峰, 等. 长期有机培肥对苏打盐碱土壤肥力的影响 [J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2016, 35(S1):11−14. LI Y Z, XIONG F, MENG Q F, et al. Effects of long-term organic manure application on soil fertility in sodic saline-alkaline soils [J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2016, 35(S1): 11−14.(in Chinese)
[5]	耿维, 胡林, 崔建宇, 等. 中国区域畜禽粪便能源潜力及总量控制研究 [J]. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(1):171−179,295. GENG W, HU L, CUI J Y, et al. Biogas energy potential for livestock manure and gross control of animal feeding in region level of China [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2013, 29(1): 171−179,295.(in Chinese)
[6]	巨晓棠, 谷保静. 我国农田氮肥施用现状、问题及趋势 [J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2014, 20(4):783−795. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2014.0401 JU X T, GU B J. Status-quo, problem and trend of nitrogen fertilization in China [J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2014, 20(4): 783−795.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2014.0401
[7]	尹志荣, 黄建成, 桂林国. 稻作条件下不同施肥模式对原土盐碱地的改良培肥效应 [J]. 土壤通报, 2016, 47(2):414−418. YIN Z R, HUANG J C, GUI L G. Effects of different fertilization patterns on the amelioration and fertility of original saline-alkali soil planted with rice [J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2016, 47(2): 414−418.(in Chinese)
[8]	张锐, 严慧峻, 魏由庆, 等. 有机肥在改良盐渍土中的作用 [J]. 土壤肥料, 1997(4):11−14. ZHANG R, YAN H J, WEI Y Q, et al. Role of Organic Fertilizer in Improving Saline Soil [J]. Soils and Fertilizers, 1997(4): 11−14.(in Chinese)
[9]	何瑞成, 吴景贵, 李建明. 不同有机物料对原生盐碱地水稳性团聚体特征的影响 [J]. 水土保持学报, 2017, 31(3):310−316. HE R C, WU J G, LI J M. Effects of different organic materials on the characteristics of water stable aggregates in a primary saline alkali soil [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 31(3): 310−316.(in Chinese)
[10]	蔺芳, 邢晶鑫, 任思敏, 等. 鸡粪与化肥配施对饲用小黑麦/玉米轮作土壤团聚体分形特征与碳库管理指数的影响 [J]. 水土保持学报, 2018, 32(5):183−189,196. LIN F, XING J X, REN S M, et al. Effect of combined application of chicken manure with fertilizer on soil aggregate fractal characteristics and soil carbon pool management index in Triticale/maize rotation system [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 32(5): 183−189,196.(in Chinese)
[11]	仝利红, 祝凌, 赵楠, 等. 不同比例有机无机肥配施土壤腐殖质组分的光谱学特征 [J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2021, 41(2):523−528. TONG L H, ZHU L, ZHAO N, et al. Spectroscopic characteristics of soil humus components under different proportions of organic and inorganic fertilizers [J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2021, 41(2): 523−528.(in Chinese)
[12]	ZHANG J J, WEI Y X, LIU J Z, et al. Effects of maize straw and its biochar application on organic and humic carbon in water-stable aggregates of a Mollisol in Northeast China: A five-year field experiment [J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2019, 190: 1−9. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2019.02.014
[13]	李虎, 吴景贵. 添加畜禽粪对秸秆田间条带堆腐土壤团聚体特征及有机碳的影响[J/OL]. 吉林农业大学学报: 1-10 2-02-09]. LI H, WU J G. Effects of Adding Livestock Manure on the Soil Aggregate Characteristics and Organic Carbon of Straw Strip Composting in Field[J/OL]. Journal of Jilin Agricultural University, 1-10[2022-02-09].
[14]	胡海清, 陆昕, 孙龙. 土壤活性有机碳分组及测定方法 [J]. 森林工程, 2012, 28(5):18−22. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-005X.2012.05.005 HU H Q, LU X, SUN L. Research review on soil active organic carbon fractionation and analytical methods [J]. Forest Engineering, 2012, 28(5): 18−22.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-005X.2012.05.005
[15]	李倩, 马琨, 冶秀香, 等. 不同培肥方式对土壤有机碳与微生物群落结构的影响 [J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2018, 26(12):1866−1875. LI Q, MA K, YE X X, et al. Effect of fertilization managements on soil organic carbon and microbial community structure [J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2018, 26(12): 1866−1875.(in Chinese)
[16]	陈闻, 吴海平, 王晶, 等. 不同材料对海岛绿化土壤盐基离子淋溶的影响 [J]. 浙江农业学报, 2017, 29(2):292−299. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.02.16 CHEN W, WU H P, WANG J, et al. Effects of different materials on base cations leaching in island greening soils [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2017, 29(2): 292−299.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.02.16
[17]	冯玉杰, 张巍, 陈桥, 等. 松嫩平原盐碱化草原土壤理化特性及微生物结构分析 [J]. 土壤, 2007, 39(2):301−305. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9829.2007.02.025 FENG Y J, ZHANG W, CHEN Q, et al. Physico-chemical characteristics and microbial composition of saline-alkaline soils in Songnen plain [J]. Soils, 2007, 39(2): 301−305.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9829.2007.02.025
[18]	石万普, 俞仁培, 苗春蓬, 等. 不同物料改良碱化土壤作用的比较 [J]. 土壤学报, 1997, 34(2):221−224. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.1997.02.014 SHI W P, YU R P, MIAO C P, et al. Comparison of Effects of Different Materials on Improving Alkaline Soil [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 1997, 34(2): 221−224.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.1997.02.014
[19]	王世斌, 高佩玲, 赵亚东, 等. 生物炭、有机肥连续施用对盐碱土壤改良效果研究 [J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2021, 39(3):154−161. doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.03.19 WANG S B, GAO P L, ZHAO Y D, et al. Effect of continuous application of biochar and organic fertilizers on saline-alkali soil improvement [J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2021, 39(3): 154−161.(in Chinese) doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.03.19
[20]	杨帆, 王志春, 马红媛, 等. 东北苏打盐碱地生态治理关键技术研发与集成示范 [J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(22):7054−7058. YANG F, WANG Z C, MA H Y, et al. Research and integrated demonstration of ecological amelioration techniques of saline-sodic land in northeast China [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(22): 7054−7058.(in Chinese)
[21]	郭童天, 刘博文, 汤学友, 等. 干旱预处理对一年生黑麦草耐盐性的影响 [J]. 草地学报, 2018, 26(2):435−440. GUO T T, LIU B W, TANG X Y, et al. Effects of drought pretreatment on salt tolerance of annual ryegrass [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2018, 26(2): 435−440.(in Chinese)
[22]	KATYAL J C, RAO N H, REDDY M N. Critical aspects of organic matter management in the Tropics: The example of India [J]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2001, 61(1/2): 77−88. doi: 10.1023/A:1013320502810
[23]	SPACCINI R, MBAGWU J S C, CONTE P, et al. Changes of humic substances characteristics from forested to cultivated soils in Ethiopia [J]. Geoderma, 2005, 132(1): 9−19.[LinkOut
[24]	JI H B, DING H J, TANG L, et al. Chemical composition and transportation characteristic of trace metals insuspended particulate matter collected upstream of ametropolitan drinking water source, Beijing [J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2016, 169: 123−136. doi: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2016.07.018
[25]	郑延云, 张佳宝, 谭钧, 等. 不同来源腐殖质的化学组成与结构特征研究 [J]. 土壤学报, 2019, 56(2):386−397. doi: 10.11766/trxb201805070241 ZHENG Y Y, ZHANG J B, TAN J, et al. Chemical composition and structure of humus relative to sources [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2019, 56(2): 386−397.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11766/trxb201805070241
[26]	褚慧, 宗良纲, 汪张懿, 等. 不同种植模式下菜地土壤腐殖质组分特性的动态变化 [J]. 土壤学报, 2013, 50(5):931−939. CHU H, ZONG L G, WANG Z Y, et al. Dynamic changes in humus composition in vegetable soils different in cultivation mode [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2013, 50(5): 931−939.(in Chinese)
[27]	龚伟, 颜晓元, 王景燕, 等. 长期施肥对小麦-玉米作物系统土壤腐殖质组分碳和氮的影响 [J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2009, 15(6):1245−1252. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1008-505X.2009.06.001 GONG W, YAN X Y, WANG J Y, et al. Effects of long-term fertilization on soil humus carbon and nitrogen fractions in a wheat-maize cropping system [J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2009, 15(6): 1245−1252.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1008-505X.2009.06.001
[28]	魏宇轩, 蔡红光, 张秀芝, 等. 不同种类有机肥施用对黑土团聚体有机碳及腐殖质组成的影响 [J]. 水土保持学报, 2018, 32(3):258−263. WEI Y X, CAI H G, ZHANG X Z, et al. Effects of different organic manures application on organic carbon and humus composition of aggregate fractions in a black soil [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 32(3): 258−263.(in Chinese)
[29]	唐璐. 不同堆肥条件对堆肥过程中碳素损失及腐殖质形成的影响研究[D]. 杭州: 杭州师范大学, 2016. TANG L. The effects of composting conditions on carbon losses and humus formation during the composting process[D]. Hangzhou: Hangzhou Normal University, 2016. (in Chinese)
[30]	PETH S, HORN R, BECKMANN F, et al. Three-dimensional quantification of intra-aggregate pore-space features using synchrotron-radiation-based microtomography [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2008, 72(4): 897−907. doi: 10.2136/sssaj2007.0130
[31]	SODHI G P S, BERI V, BENBI D K. Soil aggregation and distribution of carbon and nitrogen in different fractions under long-term application of compost in rice-wheat system [J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2009, 103(2): 412−418. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2008.12.005
[32]	CHEN Y, ZHANG X D, HE H B, et al. Carbon and nitrogen pools in different aggregates of a Chinese Mollisol as influenced by long-term fertilization [J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2010, 10(6): 1018−1026. doi: 10.1007/s11368-009-0123-8