鲜食大豆新品种闽豆10号的选育及特征特性

张玉梅; 蓝新隆; 陈伟; 滕振勇; 陆佩兰; 林国强; 胡润芳

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.003

鲜食大豆新品种闽豆10号的选育及特征特性

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.003

1.
福建省农业科学院作物研究所/福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心，福建　福州　350013
2.
福建省种子总站，福建　福州　350003

基金项目: 福建省科技计划公益类专项（2020R10310011）；福建省蔬菜遗传育种重点实验室开放基金（FJVRC2020-02）；福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目（CXTD2021011-2）

详细信息

作者简介:
张玉梅（1980−），女，博士，副研究员，主要从事大豆育种与栽培研究（E-mail：2407270791@qq.com）

通讯作者:
林国强（1965−），男，研究员，主要从事大豆育种与栽培研究（E-mail：542057656@qq.com）

胡润芳（1969−），女，研究员，主要从事大豆育种与栽培研究（E-mail：279071648@qq.com）

中图分类号: S 643.7
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-31
- 录用日期: 2021-10-31
- 修回日期: 2022-04-12
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-28

Breeding and Characteristics of a New Soybean Mindou 10 for Fresh Consumption

1.
Crop Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fujian Engineering Research Center for Characteristic Dry Crop Varieties Breeding, Fuzhou, Fujian　350013, China
2.
Fujian Seed Station, Fuzhou, Fujian　350003, China

摘要

摘要: 目的为加快鲜食大豆品种更新换代，助力福建省乡村振兴及鲜食大豆产业的发展，通过有性杂交系谱选育高产优质的鲜食大豆新品种供推广种植。方法以抚鲜5号为母本，K丰72-2为父本进行有性杂交，经系谱选育，聚合父母本优良基因，定向选出组合08B2-1。2017年春进行品比试验，平均鲜荚产量8379.60 kg·hm⁻²，比毛豆3号（CK）增产16.35%，增产极显著。定名为闽豆10号推荐参加福建省鲜食大豆品种区域试验，闽豆10号在2019—2020年福建省鲜食大豆品种区域试验中，平均鲜荚产量11381.85 kg·hm⁻²，比CK增产5.40%。结果 2021年7月通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定（闽审豆20210001）。结论育成鲜食大豆新品种闽豆10号，该品种荚大粒大，清煮口感香甜柔糯，属中熟鲜食大豆品种，适宜福建省春播种植。
- 鲜食大豆 /
- 新品种 /
- 闽豆10号 /
- 选育 /
- 特征特性
Abstract: Objective To expedite the process of the breeding program on soybean for fresh consumption as well as the rural revitalization in Fujian through vegetable market development, a new high-yield, high-quality variety was obtained. Method The hybridization between Fuxian 5 as female parent and K Feng 72-2 as male parent was carried out and followed by a pedigree selection protocol. Result The hybrid line, 08B2-1, exhibiting desirable genetic traits of the parents was selected for further evaluation. In a spring 2017 trial, it rendered an average fresh pod yield of 8 379.6.40 kg·hm⁻², which was 16.35% higher than that of the reference Maodou 3 and was named Mindou 10 for submission to the 2019 and 2020 Fujian Provincial Regional Trial of Fresh Edible Soybean Varieties. At those regional trials, Mindou 10 delivered a fresh pod yield of 11381.85 kg·hm⁻², i.e., 5.40% higher than that of Maodou 3. It was officially certified by the Fujian Provincial Committee of Crop Variety Identification in July 2021. Conclusion The newly bred mid-season Mindou 10 soybeans for fresh consumption bore large pods and seeds. When prepared by boiling in plain water, the tender beans tasted delightful and sweet. The cultivar was considered suitable for spring planting in the province.
- fresh-consumption soybean /
- new variety /
- Mindou 10 /
- breeding /
- characteristics

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图 1 闽豆10号选育图谱

Figure 1. Breeding of Mindou 10

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表 1 闽豆10号与毛豆3号（CK）主要农艺性状和经济性状比较

Table 1. Main agronomic and economic characteristics of Mindou 10 and Maodou 3

性状 Trait	闽豆10号 Mindou 10			对照 CK
性状 Trait	2019年 2019	2020年 2020	平均 Average	2019年 2019	2020年 2020	平均 Average
生育期 Growth period/d	80.71	79.83	80.27	79.14	78.67	78.91
株高 Plant height/cm	45.21	46.54	45.88	38.50	41.17	39.84
茎粗 Stem diameter/cm	0.85	0.84	0.85	0.69	0.81	0.75
主茎节数 Main-stem section number	8.10	7.59	7.85	6.54	7.54	7.04
有效分枝数 Number of branches	3.88	3.09	3.49	3.37	3.73	3.55
单株有效荚数 Number of pods	39.69	32.61	36.15	25.76	30.09	27.93
单株荚重 Fresh yield per plant/g	106.77	73.91	90.34	74.02	73.20	73.61
百粒鲜重 100-fresh seeds weight/g	75.10	73.88	74.79	78.49	82.48	80.49
单株标准荚数 Standard pods per plant	26.32	25.79	26.06	17.07	22.93	20.00
标准荚长 Standard pod length/cm	5.63	5.71	5.67	6.14	6.00	6.07
标准荚宽 Standard pod width/cm	1.38	1.38	1.38	1.37	1.43	1.40
每千克标准荚数 Number of standard pods per kilogram	319.63	331.59	325.61	269.01	286.99	278.00
生育期指播种出苗至采青日数。 Growth period represents days from seedling emergence to pod harvesting.

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表 2 闽豆10号与毛豆3号（CK）在福建省区域试验中的产量比较

Table 2. Production yields of Mindou 10 and Maodou 3 at provincial regional trials in Fujian

年份 Year	鲜荚产量 Fresh pod yield/（kg·hm⁻²）		增产率 Yield increase rate/%	标准荚产量 Standard pod yield/（kg·hm⁻²）		增产率 Yield increase rate/%	标准荚率 Standard pod rate/%
年份 Year	闽豆10号 Mindou 10	对照 CK	增产率 Yield increase rate/%	闽豆10号 Mindou 10	对照 CK	增产率 Yield increase rate/%	标准荚率 Standard pod rate/%
2019	11818.20	10690.20	10.55^**	8750.85	8586.15	1.92	74.05
2020	10945.35	10907.85	0.34	8098.05	8375.10	−3.31	73.99
平均 Average	11381.85	10799.03	5.40	8424.45	8480.63	−0.66	74.02

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表 3 闽豆10号与毛豆3号（CK）各试点小区产量

Table 3. Yield performance of Mindou 10 at 2019 and 2020 provincial regional trials in Fujian 单位：kg

年份 Year	品种 Variety	南平 Nanping	漳州 Zhangzhou	莆田 Putian	连江 Lianjiang	翔安 Xiang’an	明溪 Mingxi	泉州 Quanzhou	平均 Average
2019	闽豆10号 Mindou 10	17.50	18.61	15.13	15.27	14.65	16.35	12.77	15.75
	对照 CK	10.00	18.73	13.30	15.10	15.57	15.32	11.73	14.25
	试点平均 Average	13.78	18.09	13.98	15.22	17.24	12.40	11.97	14.67
2020	闽豆10号 Mindou 10	12.37	12.60	15.67	12.80	15.78	16.73	16.18	14.59
	对照 CK	10.80	18.10	15.11	11.27	15.70	14.68	16.09	14.54
	试点平均 Average	10.91	15.15	13.97	11.99	16.03	15.72	15.98	14.25

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表 4 闽豆10号与毛豆3号在福建省区域试验的丰产性及稳定性分析

Table 4. High and stable yield performance of Mindou 10 and Maodou 3 at provincial regional trials in Fujian

年份 Year	品种 Variety	丰产性参数 Fertility parameters		稳定性参数 Stability parameters
年份 Year	品种 Variety	小区产量 Plot yield/kg	效应值 Effective value	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	稳定性系数 Stability coefficient	回归方程 Regression equation	综合评价 Comprehensive evaluation
2019	闽豆10号 Mindou 10	15.75	1.09	5.028	14.23	0.3785	y=10.2010+0.378 5x	好 Good
2019	对照 CK	14.25	−0.42	4.212	14.40	0.8669	y=1.5343+0.866 9x	较好 Fairly good
2020	闽豆10号 Mindou 10	14.59	0.34	2.082	9.89	0.6834	y=4.8533+0.683 4x	好 Good
2020	对照 CK	14.54	0.29	1.858	9.38	1.0953	y=-1.0722+1.095 3x	好 Good

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表 5 闽豆10号测试报告

Table 5. Test report on Mindou 10

品种 Variety	粗蛋白 Crude protein/%	粗脂肪 Crude fat/%	总糖 Total sugar/%	淀粉 Starch/%	粗纤维 Crude fiber/%	维生素C Vitamin C/（mg·g⁻¹）
闽豆10号 Mindou 10	12.46	5.10	3.40	6.65	4.10	0.27

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表 6 闽豆10号和毛豆3号炭疽病抗性鉴定

Table 6. Certifications on resistance of Mindou 10 and Maodou 3 to Anthracnose

品种 Variety	年份 Year	病情指数 Disease index	抗性评价 Resistance evaluation
闽豆10号 Mindou 10	2019	17.21	中抗 Middle resistance
闽豆10号 Mindou 10	2020	45.08	感病 Susceptible
对照 CK	2019	62.84	高感 Highly susceptible
对照 CK	2020	50.62	感病 Susceptible

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