Germination of Acacia cincinnata Seeds Promoted by Applied Electric Field
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摘要:
目的 分析不同电场、时间及两者交互处理对卷荚相思种子萌发特性的影响，为卷荚相思种子萌发及可持续经营提供理论参考。 方法 以卷荚相思种子为研究对象，采用室内模拟试验，以不同电场强度和处理时间为控制因素，电压强度为0.0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 kV·cm−1，时间处理为0、15、30、45、60 min，研究不同电场强度和时间交互处理对其种子萌发特性的影响。 结果 随着电场强度增强，处理时间的延长，卷荚相思种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均呈现不同程度的变化趋势。其中，在处理时间15、30、60 min下发芽率随着电场强度的增强呈现先降后升再降的趋势，但在处理时间45 min下发芽率随着电场强度的增强呈现先升后降的趋势；而发芽势和发芽指数均在电场强度0.6～0.8 kV·cm−1和处理时间45 min下处于最优状态，且与CK相比具有显著差异（P＜0.05）。经过多元非线性回归分析得出，不同电场强度与时间交互处理下的最优回归方程为：Y=7.73+135.23X1+1.24X2-86.16X12−0.00911X22−0.75X1X2（R2=0.81，P＜0.05）。聚类分析结果电场和时间交互环境处理对发芽指数有非常显著的影响。 结论 电场和时间两者交互处理对卷荚相思种子萌发特性具有一定的影响，发芽率在0.6 kV·cm−1处理45 min最高，说明适宜电场强度和处理时间可以提高卷荚相思种子发芽率。 Abstract:Objective Effect of electric field and treatment time applied to Acacia cincinnata seeds on germination was investigated. Method A. cincinnata seeds were treated by electric voltages ranging from 0 (CK) to 1.0 kV·cm−1 for 15, 30, 45, or 60m prior to germination under normal conditions. Indicators of germination displayed by the seeds were analyzed. Result The seeds exposed to an increasing electric field for up to 60 m germinated at a rate that showed a down-up-down pattern with a peak at 45m. The germination potential and index were at the highest under 0.6−0.8 kV·cm−1 for 45 m and significantly different from CK (P＜0.05). A best fit regression function between the applied electric field and time was found to be Y = 7.73 + 135.23 X1 + 1.24 X2−86.16 X12−0.00911 X22 - 0.75 X1 X2 at R2 = 0.81 (P＜0.05). A cluster analysis indicated an extremely significant effect of the electric field/time interaction exerted on the seed germination index. Conclusion The of an electric field and treatment time applied on A. cincinnata seeds significantly affected the germination with a rate peaked under 0.6 kV·cm−1 for 45 m. -
Key words:
- Acacia cincinnata /
- electric field /
- seed germination /
- cluster analysis /
- nonlinear regression analysis
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图 1 不同电场强度与时间交互处理下的聚类分析
①热图中红色表示电场对指标有促进作用，且颜色越深，作用越强；② t1-0.2、t2-0.2、t3-0.2、t4-0.2代表0.2 kV·cm−1，t1~t4分别代表处理时间为15、30、45和60 min，以此类推；③GE：发芽率，GR：发芽势，GI：发芽指数。
Figure 1. Clustering of applied electric field and treatment time.
①Red indicates how electric field promotes indicators--the darker the color, the stronger the effect; ② t1−0.2, t2−0.2, t3−0.2, and t4−0.2 represent treatments under 0.2kV·cm−1; t1-t4 represent treatments of 15, 30, 45, and 60m, respectively. Same for the others; ③GE stands for germination rate; GR stands for germination potential; GI stands for germination index.
表 1 不同电场强度与时间交互处理对卷荚相思种子发芽率的影响
Table 1. Effect of applied electric field and treatment time on germination rate of A. cincinnata seeds
（单位：%） 电场强度
Electric field strength/(kV·cm−1)处理时间 Handling time 0 min 15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min 0.0 66.00±4.00 aA 66.00±4.00 aA 66.00±4.00 aB 66.00±4.00 aC 66.00±4.00 aAB 0.2 66.00±4.00 aA 48.67±2.52 cC 55.00±2.00 bcD 66.00±3.00 aC 60.67±5.77 abB 0.4 66.00±4.00 aA 56.00±2.00 bB 67.33±1.15 aB 70.33±1.53 aAB 70.00±3.46 aA 0.6 66.00±4.00 bA 67.67±2.52 abA 71.33±3.06 abAB 75.00±3.00 aA 74.67±7.57 aA 0.8 66.00±4.00 cA 66.67±2.08 bcA 74.33±3.51 aA 71.33±2.52 abAB 70.00±2.00 abcA 1.0 66.00±4.00 aA 65.33±2.52 aA 60.33±3.51 abC 59.33±2.52 bD 50.00±2.00 cC 同行中不同小写字母代表不同处理时间存在显著差异（P＜0.05），同列中不同大写字母代表不同电场强度存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。下同。
Data with different lowercase letters on same row represent significant differences under different treatment times (P＜0.05); and those with different uppercase letters on same column represent significant differences under different electric field (P＜0.05). Same for below.
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表 2 不同电场强度与时间交互处理对卷荚相思种子发芽势的影响
Table 2. Effect of applied electric field and treatment time on germination potential of A. cincinnata seeds
（单位：%） 电场强度
Electric field strength/(kV·cm−1)处理时间 Handling time 0 min 15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min 0.0 39.67±2.08 aA 39.67±2.08 aCD 39.67±2.08 aB 39.67±2.08 aB 39.67±2.08 aB 0.2 39.67±2.08 abA 30.51±1.47 cE 36.24±3.31 abB 40.38±3.19 aB 35.33±1.15 bBC 0.4 39.67±2.08 abA 37.99±1.98 cD 38.38±4.65 cB 42.43±5.00 abB 46.67±4.16 aA 0.6 39.67±2.08 bA 48.02±1.60 aA 49.99±4.52 aA 50.58±1.87 aA 49.00±3.00 aA 0.8 39.67±2.08 cA 47.33±3.88 bAB 50.37±1.46 abA 52.73±1.79 aA 47.33±3.05 bA 1.0 39.67±2.08 abA 42.98±3.61 aBC 41.26±3.85 aB 41.23±5.27 aB 33.19±2.71 bC
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表 3 不同电场强度与时间交互处理对卷荚相思种子发芽指数的影响
Table 3. Effect of applied electric field and treatment time on germination index of A. cincinnata seeds
电场强度
Electric field strength/(kV·cm−1)处理时间 Handling time 0 min 15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min 0.0 8.12±0.40 aA 8.12±0.40 aB 8.12±0.40 aBC 8.12±0.40 aCD 8.12±0.40 aBCD 0.2 8.12±0.40 abA 6.21±0.41 cD 7.38±0.63 bC 9.25±1.01 aABC 7.79±0.51 bCD 0.4 8.12±0.40 abA 7.12±0.47 bC 8.74±0.77 aAB 8.63±0.79 aBC 9.15±0.36 aAB 0.6 8.12±0.40 bA 9.24±0.66 abA 9.83±0.71 aA 9.57±0.55 abAB 9.35±1.18 abA 0.8 8.12±0.40 cA 8.91±0.22 bcAB 9.67±0.55 abA 10.12±0.52 aA 8.85±0.47 bcABC 1.0 8.12±0.40 aA 8.16±0.37 aB 7.64±0.70 abBC 7.15±0.23 bD 7.09±0.33 bD
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表 4 电场和时间交互处理对卷荚相思种子形态指标影响的双因素方差分析
Table 4. Two-way ANOVA on effects of applied electric field and treatment time on morphological indexes of A. cincinnata seeds
参数
Parameter电场强度
Electric field strength处理时间
Handling time电场强度×处理时间
electric field strength×
Handling timeF值
F valueP值
P valueF值
F valueP值
P valueF值
F valueP值
P value发芽率 GE 51.004 0.000 13.908 0.000 8.292 0.000 发芽势 GR 42.144 0.000 4.332 0.010 3.139 0.003 发芽指数 GI 27.919 0.000 7.365 0.000 4.294 0.000
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表 5 不同电场强度与时间交互处理对发芽率非线性回归模型
Table 5. Nonlinear regression model between seed germination rate and applied electric field/time
方程拟合度
R2调整后R2
Adjusted R2平方和 Square sum df 均方 Mean square F值 F value 回归
regression残差
residual error回归
regression残差
residual error回归
regression残差
residual error0.81 0.79 3251.04548 779.93786 5 54 650.2091 14.44329 45.01806
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