玉屏风加减煎剂对德化黑鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的抗感染效果

林雪玲; 林祚贵; 赖宝色; 徐磊; 刘志军; 马玉芳

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.06.002

玉屏风加减煎剂对德化黑鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的抗感染效果

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.06.002

1.
福建农业职业技术学院，福建　福州　350007
2.
德化县戴云黑鸡养殖有限公司，福建　德化　362500
3.
中西兽医结合与动物保健福建省高等学校重点实验室（福建农林大学），福建　福州　350002

基金项目: 福建省科技计划项目（2019N0025）；福建省教育科学“十四五”规划项目（FJJKGZ21-055）

详细信息

作者简介:
林雪玲（1974 —），女，硕士，副教授，主要从事中兽医药及动物保健研究，E-mail：992384028@qq.com

通讯作者:
马玉芳（1970 —），女，博士，教授，主要从事天然产物开放与综合利用相关研究，E-mail：myfau850@sohu.com

中图分类号: S831
计量
- 文章访问数: 88
- HTML全文浏览量: 25
- PDF下载量: 55
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-10
- 修回日期: 2024-06-08
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-28

Anti-infection Effects of Modified Yupingfeng Decoction on Dehua Black Chicken Infected with Eimeria Tenella

1.
Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
2.
Dehua County Daiyun Black Chicken Breeding Co., Ltd., Dehua, Fujian　362500, China
3.
University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province(Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探明玉屏风加减煎剂对柔嫩艾美耳球虫（Eimeria tenella）感染德化黑鸡抗氧化、抗炎、免疫功能的影响及抗球虫效果。方法将120只45日龄德化黑鸡随机分为6组，分别是空白对照组（K组）、感染对照组（G组）、常山青蒿低剂量组（CQL组）、玉屏风加减低剂量组（YL组）、常山青蒿高剂量组（CQH组）、玉屏风加减高剂量组（YH组），除空白对照组外，其余各组均感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫，24 h后开始连续7 d饮水给药，第8 d测定比较各组抗球虫指数、免疫功能、抗氧化能力等指标的差异。结果与感染对照组（G组）相比，中药处理组CQH、YH、CQL、YL的血便、盲肠病变症状依次减轻。除CQH组外，其他组盲肠病变计分、盲肠黏膜下淋巴细胞密度显著或极显著下降（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）；除CQH组OPG显著下降（P＜0.05）外，其他3个中药组OPG下降极显著（P＜0.01）；YL组和YH组盲肠上皮细胞脱落计分极显著降低（P＜0.01）。与CQL、CQH组相比，YL、YH组MDA、盲肠病变计分、盲肠上皮细胞脱落计分和OPG下降极显著（P＜0.01）。与G组相比，4个中药组 IL-6、 IFN-γ、TNF-α、丙二醛（MDA）含量极显著降低（P＜0.01），而 IL-2含量、 SIgA水平、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）极显著升高（P＜0.01）；YL组IL-2含量、 SIgA水平、GSH-Px活性、SOD活性、CAT活性极显著增高（P＜0.01），YH组GSH-Px、 SOD活性极显著升高（P＜0.01）。与K组相比，G组、CQL组、YL组、CQH组、YH组的相对增重率分别是79.88%、103.49%、107.27%、95.05%、96.06%，抗球虫指数（anti-coccidial index, ACI）分别是96、165.5、177、133.5、162.5。结论玉屏风加减煎剂对人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫德化黑鸡具有更好抗炎、抗氧化、提高免疫功能的免疫调节作用，并相应具有更好的抗球虫效果，且以玉屏风加减低剂量组（YL）抗球虫效果最好。
- 玉屏风加减煎剂 /
- 德化黑鸡 /
- 柔嫩艾美耳球虫 /
- 免疫调节 /
- 抗球虫指数
Abstract: Objective To study the effects of modified Yupingfeng decoction on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune function and anti-coccidial effect of Dehua black chickens infected with Eimeria tenella. Methods The treated 120 45-day-old Dehua black chickens were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely, blank control group (K group), infected control group (G group), low-dose group of Radix dichroa and Artemisia annua (CQL group), low-dose group of modified Yupingfeng decoction (YL group), high-dose group of Radix dichroa and Artemisia annua (CQH group), and high-dose group of modified Yupingfeng decoction (YH group). Except for the K group, all other groups were infected with Eimeria tenella. Treatment with the respective decoctions began 24 hours after infection and continued for 7 days. On the 8^th day, various indices including anti-coccidial index, immune function, and antioxidant capacity were measured. Results Compared with the infection control group (G group), the symptoms of bloody stool and cecal lesions were alleviated in the CQH, YH, CQL, and YL groups in order. Except for the CQH group, the cecal lesion scores and submucosal lymphocyte density in the cecum were significantly or extremely significantly reduced (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01); oocyst per gram (OPG) was deduced extremely in the other three traditional Chinese medicine groups (P＜0.01), while OPG in CQH group was reduced significantly (P＜0.05); the cecuml epithelial cell shedding score was decreased extremely in YL group and YH group(P＜0.01). Compared with the CQL and CQH groups, the YL and YH groups showed extremely significant reductions in MDA, cecal lesion scores, epithelial cell shedding scores, and OPG levels (P＜0.01). Compared with G group, the contents of IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the four Chinese medicine groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.01). In contrast, IL-2 content, SIgA level, and the activity of glutathione peroxides (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were significantly increased (P＜0.01). IL-2 content, SIgA level, and the activity of GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT were significantly increased in the YL group (P＜0.01), and GSH-Px and SOD activities were significantly increased in the YH group (P＜0.01). Compared with K group, the relative weight gain rate of the G group, CQL group, YL group, CQH group, and YH group were 79.88%, 103.49%, 107.27%, 95.05%, and 96.06%, and the ACI were 96, 165.5, 177, 133.5, and 162.5, respectively. Conclusion The modified Yupingfeng decoction has better immunomodulation effect of improving anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune function on Dehua black chickens infected with Eimeria tenella, and correspondingly has better anti-coccidia effect, while the Yupingfeng modified low-dose group (YL) has the best anticoccidia effect.
- modified Yupingfeng decoction /
- Dehua black chicken /
- Eimeria tenella /
- immunomodulation /
- anti-coccidial index

HTML全文

图 1 玉屏风加减对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡盲肠形态结构的影响（200×）

Figure 1. Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on cecuml morphology of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia （200×）

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 试验鸡分组与处理

Table 1. Grouping and treatment of the chicken

组别 Group	动物数 Total number/只	处理 Treatment
空白对照组 K	20	不攻虫不给药
感染对照组 G	20	攻虫不给药
常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL	20	攻虫给药；煎剂2剂量2.5 mL·天⁻¹·只⁻¹
玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL	20	攻虫给药；煎剂1剂量2 mL·天⁻¹·只⁻¹+煎剂2剂量2.5 mL·天⁻¹·只⁻¹
常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH	20	攻虫给药；煎剂2剂量5 mL·天⁻¹·只⁻¹
玉屏风加减高剂量组 YH	20	攻虫给药；煎剂1剂量2 mL·天⁻¹·只⁻¹+煎剂2剂量5 mL·天⁻¹·只⁻¹

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 盲肠上皮细胞脱落计分标准

Table 2. Cecal epithelial cell shedding scoring criteria

分值 Score	标准 Standard
0	黏膜层上皮完整、细胞形态正常，固有层肠腺数量丰富、分布均匀，淋巴细胞分布均匀；未见明显的炎性改变
1	黏膜层偶见上皮细胞坏死脱落，胞核固缩深染、碎裂或溶解消失；固有层肠腺数量丰富、分布均匀，淋巴细胞分布均匀；未见明显的炎性改变。
2	黏膜层少见上皮细胞坏死脱落，胞核固缩深染、碎裂或溶解消失；固有层肠腺数量丰富、分布均匀，淋巴细胞分布均匀；未见明显的炎性改变。
3	黏膜层多处上皮细胞缺失，固有层裸露；固有层淋巴细胞数量增多，肠腺间距较宽，排列稍不规则，淋巴数量轻度增多。
4	黏膜层大面积上皮细胞缺失，固有层裸露；固有层明显水肿，结缔组织排列疏松，肠腺间距增宽，排列稍不规则，淋巴细胞数量增多。

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 盲肠病变计分标准

Table 3. Cecal lesions scoring criteria

分值 Score	标准 Standard
0	无肉眼可见病变
1	盲肠肠壁存在少量散在的瘀点，肠壁不增厚，内容物正常
2	盲肠病变病理变化较多，盲肠内容物明显带血，盲肠壁稍增厚
3	盲肠内有多量血液或有肠芯，盲肠壁明显增厚，盲肠中粪便含量少甚至无粪便存在
4	盲肠内充满大量血液或肠芯，盲肠肿大，肠芯中含有粪渣或不含，或鸡死亡

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 玉屏风加减对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡盲肠病变指标的影响

Table 4. Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on cecuml lesion scores of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia

组别 Group	盲肠上皮细胞脱落情况计分 Epithelial cell shedding	盲肠黏膜下淋巴细胞密度 Submucosal lymphocyte density/ (个·mm⁻²)
空白对照组 K	0 Cc	611.90±107.60 Ab
感染对照组 G	3.50±0.46 Aa	1156.00±532.40 Aa
常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL	2.75±1.17 Aa	772.40±275.00 Ab
玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL	1.00±0.93 Bb	674.40±85.87 Ab
常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH	3.25±0.71 Aa	916.20±169.20 Aa
玉屏风加减高剂量组 YH	1.25±1.28 Bb	708.00±177.30 Ab
同列数据后不同大、小写字母分别表示差异极显著（P＜0.01）或差异显著（P＜0.05）。下表同。 Different uppercase and lowercase letters in the same column indicate extremely significant difference (P＜0.01) or significant difference (P＜0.05). Same for below.

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 玉屏风加减煎剂对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡增重率的影响

Table 5. Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on relative weight gain rate of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia

组别 Group	感染前体重 Average initial weight/g	感染7 d后体重 Average final weight/g	平均日增重 Average weight gain/g	相对增重率 Relative weight gain rate/%
空白对照组 K	638.70±85.51	756.00±103.40	117.30	100.00
感染对照组 G	667.90±96.57	760.70±117.20	93.70	79.88
常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL	662.90±120.90	784.30±141.90	121.40	103.49
玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL	657.10±120.30	782.90±138.90	125.80	107.27
常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH	671.40±93.47	782.90±112.50	111.50	95.05
玉屏风加减高剂量组 YH	682.90±94.66	795.70±103.50	112.80	96.16

下载: 导出CSV

表 6 玉屏风加减煎剂对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡ACI的影响

Table 6. Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on ACI of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia

组别 Group	存活率 Survival rate/%	盲肠病变计分 Lesion	平均克粪便卵囊量 Oocyst per gram /(×10⁵)	卵囊值 Oocyst value	ACI
空白对照组 K	100	0 Cc	0 Dd	0
感染对照组 G	95	2.75±0.70 Aa	8.68±1.03 Aa	40	96.0
常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL	100	1.75±1.17 Ab	5.75±0.96 BCc	20	165.5
玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL	100	1.00±0.53 Bb	4.63±0.83 Cc	20	177.0
常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH	100	2.25±0.71 Aa	7.06±0.86 Ab	40	133.5
玉屏风加减高剂量组 YH	100	1.25±0.46 Bb	5.56±0.72 BCc	20	162.5

下载: 导出CSV

表 7 玉屏风加减对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡血清细胞因子及肠道SIgA抗体的影响

Table 7. Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on cytokines and SIgA of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia

组别Group	IL-2/(pg·mL⁻¹)	IL-6/(pg·mL⁻¹)	IFN-γ/(pg·mL⁻¹)	TNF-α/(pg·mL⁻¹)	SIgA/(μg·mL⁻¹)
空白对照组 K	178.10±22.00 ABa	20.55±1.75 Bbc	57.42±3.72 Bb	48.83±4.31 Bb	1228.00±102.00 Bb
感染对照 G	134.70±15.56 Cc	29.64±2.55 Aa	67.78±4.91 Aa	69.01±4.54 Aa	948.60±72.05 Cc
常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL	172.90±18.60 Bb	23.76±2.13 Bb	52.79±3.72 Bb	49.15±5.05 Bb	1225.00±57.14 Bb
玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL	191.80±9.63 Aa	22.20±1.46 Bbc	52.21±2.30 Bb	48.62±1.91 Bb	1357.00±64.49 Aa
常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH	183.50±13.08 Aa	20.72±2.03 Bbc	53.25±4.72 Bb	47.22±4.29 Bb	1340.00±83.53 Aa
玉屏风加减高剂量组 YH	203.90±17.68 Aa	20.12±2.34 Bc	52.43±5.41 Bb	43.78±2.73 Bb	1385.00±81.46 Aa

下载: 导出CSV

表 8 玉屏风加减对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡抗氧化功能的影响

Table 8. Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on antioxidant indexes of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia

组别 Group	丙二醛 MDA/(nmol·mL⁻¹)	谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 GSH-Px/(U·mL⁻¹)	超氧化物歧化酶 SOD/(U·mL⁻¹)	总抗氧化能力 T-AOC/(U·mL⁻¹)	过氧化氢酶 CAT/(U·mL⁻¹)
空白对照组 K	4.31±0.56 Dd	435.90±33.56 Aa	61.21±5.84 Aa	18.45±1.95 BCb	176.00±24.19 Aa
感染对照组 G	8.63±0.58 Aa	182.40±15.43 Ee	26.67±2.90 Dd	16.35±1.21 Cc	112.50±12.19 Cc
常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL	7.53±0.14 Bb	250.90±6.88 Dd	35.91±4.54 Cc	19.16±1.50 Bb	132.60±15.31 Bb
玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL	5.82±0.19 Cc	315.9±20.96 Cc	46.56±5.12 Bb	22.88±1.89 Aa	161.40±9.40 Aa
常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH	6.99±0.47 Bb	287.60±16.27 Cc	38.72±4.48 Cc	20.90±2.18 ABa	150.40±14.87 Aa
玉屏风加减高剂量组YH	5.83±0.45Cc	370.00±18.08 Bb	49.93±6.40 Bb	22.72±2.80 ABa	163.40±25.67 Aa

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(45)

[1]	BLAKE D P, KNOX J, DEHAECK B, et al. Re-calculating the cost of coccidiosis in chickens [J]. Veterinary Research, 2020, 51(1): 115. doi: 10.1186/s13567-020-00837-2
[2]	FATOBA A J, ADELEKE M A. Diagnosis and control of chicken coccidiosis: A recent update [J]. Journal of Parasitic Diseases: Official Organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology, 2018, 42(4): 483−493. doi: 10.1007/s12639-018-1048-1
[3]	李超, 汤新明, 吕艳丽, 等. 我国鸡球虫抗药性现状和抗药机制研究进展 [J]. 寄生虫与医学昆虫学报, 2021, 28(2):119−128. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0507.2021.02.009 LI C, TANG X M, LYU Y L, et al. The present state of drug resistance and its mechanisms research progress of chicken coccidia in China [J]. Acta Parasitologica et Medica Entomologica Sinica, 2021, 28(2): 119−128. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0507.2021.02.009
[4]	周颖, 王晓艳, 周靖茹, 等. 中草药防治鸡球虫病研究进展 [J]. 中国家禽, 2021, 43(4):89−95. ZHOU Y, WANG X Y, ZHOU J R, et al. Research advances in the prevention and control of chicken coccidiosis by Chinese herbal medicine [J]. China Poultry, 2021, 43(4): 89−95. (in Chinese)
[5]	王贺, 郭志廷, 李建喜, 等. 常山散对雏鸡感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫不同发育阶段的防治效果 [J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(3):1278−1289. WANG H, GUO Z T, LI J X, et al. Effect of Radix dichroa powder on the control of Eimeria tenella infection in chick at different developmental stages [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(3): 1278−1289. (in Chinese)
[6]	罗晓琴, 郭志廷, 王贺, 等. 常山口服液治疗鸡球虫病的效果分析 [J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(4):1747−1755. LUO X Q, GUO Z T, WANG H, et al. The therapeutic effect of Changshan oral liquid on chicken coccidiosis [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(4): 1747−1755. (in Chinese)
[7]	林梦娟, 高沙沙, 赵星辰, 等. 常山酮抗原虫作用研究进展 [J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(3):924−933. LIN M J, GAO S S, ZHAO X C, et al. Research progress on antiprotozoal activity of halofuginone [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(3): 924−933. (in Chinese)
[8]	刘帅奇, 李是衡, 刘曼玉, 等. 青蒿防治球虫病研究进展 [J]. 畜牧与兽医, 2024, 56(2):131−135. LIU S Q, LI S H, LIU M Y, et al. Research progress on prevention and treatment of coccidiosis with Artemisia annua [J]. Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 56(2): 131−135. (in Chinese)
[9]	杨金玉, 张海军, 王晶, 等. 葡萄原花青素对感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响 [J]. 动物营养学报, 2016, 28(9):2802−2811. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.09.019 YANG J Y, ZHANG H J, WANG J, et al. Effects of grape procyanidins on growth performance and immune function of broiler chicks challenged with Eimeria tenella [J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2016, 28(9): 2802−2811. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.09.019
[10]	文贵辉, 胡丹, 肖海思, 等. 日粮中添加白术多糖对鸡球虫病的防控效果 [J]. 经济动物学报, 2019, 23(3):149−151. WEN G H, HU D, XIAO H S, et al. Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala reduces the incidence of coccidiosis in green-shelled laying hens [J]. Journal of Economic Animal, 2019, 23(3): 149−151. (in Chinese)
[11]	周爽, 王占琪, 石雨彤, 等. 酵母细胞壁多糖对柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染雏鸡血清抗氧化能力的影响 [J]. 北京农学院学报, 2023, 38(1):66−71. ZHOU S, WANG Z Q, SHI Y T, et al. Effect of yeast cell wall polysaccharides on antioxidant capacity in serum of chickens infected by Eimeria tenella [J]. Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture, 2023, 38(1): 66−71. (in Chinese)
[12]	李雪梅, 易宗容. 饮水中添加油樟叶精油对鸡人工感染球虫的疗效观察 [J]. 中国饲料, 2023, (10):9−12. LI X M, YI Z R. Observation on the effect of adding essential oil from Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf to drinking water in chicks artificially infected with coccidium [J]. China Feed, 2023(10): 9−12. (in Chinese)
[13]	蒋山翊, 周碧君, 文明, 等. 中药联合复合益生菌对鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的预防作用 [J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(5):2092−2102. JIANG S Y, ZHOU B J, WEN M, et al. Prevention of traditional Chinese medicine with probiotics on Eimeria tenella [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(5): 2092−2102. (in Chinese)
[14]	曾玉娟. 抗球虫中药组方筛选及对感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫肉鸡健康的影响[D]. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2023. ZENG Y J. Screening of anticoccidial Chinese medicine prescriptions and their effects on the health of broilers infected with Eimeria tenella[D]. Yaan: Sichuan Agricultural University, 2023. (in Chinese)
[15]	陈志炫, 陈丹心, 郑巧霞, 等. 德化黑鸡产业的现状与发展建议 [J]. 福建畜牧兽医, 2020, 42(2):43−45. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-4331.2020.02.016 CHEN Z X, CHEN D X, ZHENG Q X, et al. Present situation and development suggestions of Dehua black chicken industry [J]. Fujian Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 42(2): 43−45. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-4331.2020.02.016
[16]	林雪玲, 胡美华, 林祚贵, 等. 玉屏风煎剂对德化黑鸡生长性能、免疫调节、血清生化指标的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报, 2024, 39(4):369−377. LIN X L, HU M H, LIN Z G, et al. Effects of Yupingfeng decoction on growth performance, immune function and serum biochemical indices on Dehua black chicken [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 39(4): 369−377. (in Chinese)
[17]	国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 动物球虫病诊断技术: GB/T 18647—2020[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2020.
[18]	JOHNSON J, REID W M. Anticoccidial drugs: Lesion scoring techniques in battery and floor-pen experiments with chickens [J]. Experimental Parasitology, 1970, 28(1): 30−36. doi: 10.1016/0014-4894(70)90063-9
[19]	DE PABLOS L M, DOS SANTOS M F B, MONTERO E, et al. Anticoccidial activity of maslinic acid against infection with Eimeria tenella in chickens [J]. Parasitology Research, 2010, 107(3): 601−604. doi: 10.1007/s00436-010-1901-3
[20]	李薛强, 崔莹, 郝凌魁, 等. 复合菌培养物对母猪生产性能、免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响 [J]. 动物营养学报, 2019, 31(11):5345−5353. LI X Q, CUI Y, HAO L K, et al. Effects of compound bacteria culture on performance, immune function and antioxidant capacity of sows [J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019, 31(11): 5345−5353. (in Chinese)
[21]	PAKANDL M. Coccidia of rabbit: A review [J]. Folia Parasitologica, 2009, 56(3): 153−166. doi: 10.14411/fp.2009.019
[22]	葛洪. 肘后备急方[M]. 天津: 天津科学技术出版社, 2021.
[23]	张德福. 氢溴酸常山酮抗柔嫩艾美耳球虫作用研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2012. ZHANG D F. Study on the Anti-Eimeria tenella effect of halofuginone hydrobromide[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2012. (in Chinese)
[24]	MCQUISTION T E, MCDOUGALD L R. Anticoccidial activity of arprinocid and halofuginone [J]. Veterinary Parasitology, 1981, 9(1): 27−33. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(81)90004-2
[25]	ZHANG D F, SUN B B, YUE Y Y, et al. Anticoccidial effect of halofuginone hydrobromide against Eimeria tenella with associated histology [J]. Parasitology Research, 2012, 111(2): 695−701. doi: 10.1007/s00436-012-2889-7
[26]	MO P H, MA Q T, ZHAO X, et al. Apoptotic effects of antimalarial artemisinin on the second generation merozoites of Eimeria tenella and parasitized host cells [J]. Veterinary Parasitology, 2014, 206(3/4): 297−303.
[27]	张世闯, 郭源辉, 刘婕, 等. 青蒿素及其衍生物的药物安全性研究进展与减毒对策分析 [J]. 世界科学技术-中医药现代化, 2023, 25(7):2549−2560. doi: 10.11842/wst.20220513014 ZHANG S C, GUO Y H, LIU J, et al. Research progress on drug safety of artemisinin and its derivatives and analysis of its detoxification countermeasures [J]. Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology, 2023, 25(7): 2549−2560. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11842/wst.20220513014
[28]	王谢雅聃, 刘树林. 常山的炮制历史沿革及现代研究进展 [J]. 中医药导报, 2023, 29(12):102−107. WANG X Y D, LIU S L. Historical evolution and modern research progress of Changshan processing [J]. Guiding Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, 2023, 29(12): 102−107. (in Chinese)
[29]	HUANG G P, TANG X L, BI F F, et al. Eimeria tenella infection perturbs the chicken gut microbiota from the onset of oocyst shedding [J]. Veterinary Parasitology, 2018, 258: 30−37. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.06.005
[30]	QASEM M A A, DKHIL M A, AL-SHAEBI E M, et al. Rumex nervosus leaf extracts enhance the regulation of goblet cells and the inflammatory response during infection of chickens with Eimeria tenella [J]. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 2020, 32(3): 1818−1823. doi: 10.1016/j.jksus.2020.01.024
[31]	孙颖, 赵旭, 夏新华, 等. 常山和常山碱的药理作用及减毒研究进展 [J]. 中国现代中药, 2022, 24(12):2514−2521. SUN Y, ZHAO X, XIA X H, et al. Pharmacological effects and attenuating toxicity of dichroae Radix and febrifugine: A review [J]. Modern Chinese Medicine, 2022, 24(12): 2514−2521. (in Chinese)
[32]	于东鑫. 一种新抗球虫中药组方及其与DVD联合用药对鸡球虫感染的疗效研究[D]. 洛阳: 河南科技大学, 2017. YU D X. A new anti-coccidiosis traditional Chinese medicine prescription and its therapeutic effect on chicken coccidiosis infection combined with DVD[D]. Luoyang: Henan University of Science and Technology, 2017. (in Chinese)
[33]	陈永亮, 刘丹丹, 汪飞燕. 青蒿素与二甲氧苄啶联合抗鸡球虫的试验研究 [J]. 家畜生态学报, 2020, 41(4):65−68. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2020.04.012 CHEN Y L, LIU D D, WANG F Y. Research on artemisinin combining with DVD on chickens coccidiosis infected by etenella [J]. Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology, 2020, 41(4): 65−68. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2020.04.012
[34]	许佳, 许小青, 曹雪涛. IL-2受体信号转导及其功能研究进展 [J]. 中国免疫学杂志, 2014, 30(3):416−422. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-484X.2014.03.028 XU J, XU X Q, CAO X T. Research progress of IL-2 receptor signal transduction and its function [J]. Chinese Journal of Immunology, 2014, 30(3): 416−422. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-484X.2014.03.028
[35]	MANTIS N J, ROL N, CORTHÉSY B. Secretory IgA’s complex roles in immunity and mucosal homeostasis in the gut [J]. Mucosal Immunology, 2011, 4(6): 603−611. doi: 10.1038/mi.2011.41
[36]	SALERNO-GONCALVES R, SAFAVIE F, FASANO A, et al. Free and complexed-secretory immunoglobulin A triggers distinct intestinal epithelial cell responses [J]. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2016, 185(3): 338−347. doi: 10.1111/cei.12801
[37]	郑世民, 胡京友, 刘晶, 等. 毒害艾美耳球虫初次感染雏鸡免疫器官IL-2和淋巴细胞增殖功能变化 [J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2006, 37(11):1222−1225. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0366-6964.2006.11.023 ZHENG S M, HU J Y, LIU J, et al. Changes of proliferative responses and interleukin-2 activity of lymphocytes in immune organs of chickens primary infected with E. Necatrix [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2006, 37(11): 1222−1225. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0366-6964.2006.11.023
[38]	袁旭. 大型艾美尔球虫与肠艾美尔球虫感染对兔小肠黏膜屏障、抗氧化及粪便代谢物的影响[D]. 南昌: 江西农业大学, 2022. YUAN X. Effects of Eimeria maxima and Eimeria enterica infection on intestinal mucosal barrier, antioxidation and fecal metabolites in rabbits[D]. Nanchang: Jiangxi Agricultural University, 2022. (in Chinese)
[39]	TAKAOKA Y, GOTO S, NAKANO T, et al. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) prevents lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced, sepsis-related severe acute lung injury in mice [J]. Scientific Reports, 2014, 4: 5204. doi: 10.1038/srep05204
[40]	ROCKEL C, HARTUNG T. Systematic review of membrane components of gram-positive bacteria responsible as pyrogens for inducing human monocyte/macrophage cytokine release [J]. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2012, 3: 56.
[41]	曾安琪, 华桦, 陈朝荣, 等. 金银花、山银花抗炎药理作用研究 [J]. 中国中药杂志, 2020, 45(16):3938−3944. ZENG A Q, HUA H, CHEN C R, et al. Comparative study on anti-inflammatory effect of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos [J]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2020, 45(16): 3938−3944. (in Chinese)
[42]	潘虹, 舒丽, 侯杰, 等. 细胞因子在抗鸡球虫感染中的作用及应用 [J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2011, 38(7):176−179. PAN H, SHU L, HOU J, et al. Role and application of cytokines against chicken coccidiosis [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2011, 38(7): 176−179. (in Chinese)
[43]	郭晋丽, 赵志辉, 郭文博, 等. 脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇对蛋鸡生产性能、血液指标和抗氧化能力的影响 [J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2018, 41(3):534−541. doi: 10.7685/jnau.201708020 GUO J L, ZHAO Z H, GUO W B, et al. Effects of deoxynivalenol on performance, blood indices and antioxidant capacity in laying hens [J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2018, 41(3): 534−541. (in Chinese) doi: 10.7685/jnau.201708020
[44]	LILLEHOJ H S. Effects of immunosuppression on avian coccidiosis: Cyclosporin A but not hormonal bursectomy abrogates host protective immunity [J]. Infection and Immunity, 1987, 55(7): 1616−1621. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.7.1616-1621.1987
[45]	张文飞, 管武太, 陈芳, 等. 青蒿素及其衍生物在畜禽生产中的应用研究进展 [J]. 饲料工业, 2019, 40(15):22−27. ZHANG W F, GUAN W T, CHEN F, et al. Advances in the application of Artemisinin and it’s derivatives in livestock and poultry production [J]. Feed Industry, 2019, 40(15): 22−27. (in Chinese)