植物源杀菌剂的筛选

Screening of the Botanical Fungicides

摘要: 采用含毒介质法,以胶孢炭疽菌、立枯丝核菌、胶链孢属、拟茎点霉属、香蕉枯萎尖孢镰刀菌、番木瓜枯萎茄腐镰刀菌、小核菌属、拟盘多毛孢属、平脐蠕孢属、荔枝霜疫霉病菌为供试菌种,用中药材、蔬菜作物、园林植物的汁液进行抑菌试验。结果表明,蒜头原汁液对以上10种病菌菌丝的生长都有较好的抑制作用,对胶孢炭疽菌,荔枝霜疫霉病菌,小核菌菌丝生长的相对抑制率均达100%。黄连水煮液对荔枝霜疫霉菌丝生长的相对抑制率也达100%。厚朴、韭菜、葱、万寿菊也有一定的抑菌作用。

Abstract: The inhibitory effects of crude extracts from Chinese medicine herbs,vegetables and ornamental plants on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,Rhizoctonia solani,Alternaria,Phomopsis,Fusarium oxysporumf,Fusarium solani,Sclerotium,Pestalotiopsis,Bipolaris,Peronophythora litchi were studied with the method of plate addition in this study.Our results suggested that garlic crude extracts inhibites the growth of all the tested funguses and the best inhibitory effects on Colletotrichum.gloeosporioides,Peronophythora litchi and Sclerotium were 100%.Meanwhile,the decoction of coptis also had 100% inhibitory effect on Peronophythora litch.and the juices of Mangnolia officinalis,Allium tuberosum,Allium fistulosum and marigold also had some inhibitory effects on tested funguses.