不同配比椰子壳粉和菌糠制作微生物发酵床养猪垫料的理化性质及养殖效果研究
Physicochemical Properties and Feeding Effects of Fermentation Bed Formulated with Varied Amounts of Powdered Coconut Shells and Edible Fungi Waste
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摘要: 采用椰子壳和菌糠为配比基材,以传统垫料配方谷壳∶锯末=1∶1为对照,检测其堆积发酵过程中的温度、pH值、电导率、盐度、微生物量等理化参数的变化,初步分析并确定菌糠和椰子壳粉制作养猪垫料的优势配比;然后结合实际养猪试验,比较不同配比垫料的感观品质和猪肉品质,确定制作垫料的最佳配比。结果表明:2号处理椰子壳粉∶菌糠=2∶1(体积比)配置垫料的温度、pH值、电导率、盐度、细菌数量、真菌数量变化趋势均与对照相似,在聚类分析λ=1.5时,与对照归为1类;3号处理椰子壳粉∶菌糠=1∶1(体积比)配置垫料的温度、pH、细菌数量变化趋势与对照相似,在聚类分析λ=8.75时,与对照、2号处理归为1类。两个配比垫料养猪试验发现,2、3号处理的垫料感官品质及饲养猪肉品质均好于对照。总结分析表明,椰子壳粉和菌糠制作微生物发酵床养猪垫料的最佳配比为椰子壳粉∶菌糠=2∶1,其次是椰子壳粉∶菌糠=1∶1。Abstract: Coconut shell powder(CSP) and edible fungi waste(EFW) were used in formulating fermentation bed to produce material for hog feeding.Physicochemical properties including temperature,pH,electrical conductivity,salinity and microbial content of the fermentation bed,as well as the result of the subsequent hog-feeding,were used to optimize the fermentation process and feed formulation.When CSP∶EFW = 2∶1(v/v),the feeding results similar to the control(i.e.,chaff∶sawdust=1∶1) were obtained under otherwise same conditions.It was thus classified with the control in a same category at λ=1.5.As the CSP∶EFW ratio of 1∶1 was applied,it could be classified with the control at λ=8.75.The hog-feeding experiments with the materials showed that better sensory and meat quality were detected in the treatments than the control.And,the most desirable results in raising the pigs were observed when the feed was formulated with a CSP∶EFR ratio of 2∶1,followed by the ratio of 1∶1.