Abstract: To investigate the distribution and diversity of Bacillus species in soils in the north of Shanxi Province,soil samples from 5places were collected and microbial identification based on their 16SrDNA sequences were tested.The results showed that 31strains from 19 Bacillus species were isolated and identified,and some of which had not been reported in China.Phylogenetic tree was clustered based on the 16SrDNA sequence,and our results suggested that the amounts of Bacillus species are different from their collected locations significantly.Especially,the number of Bacillus species in mausoleum was more than those in Hukou waterfall,Shihong temple and Baotashan pagoda.Furthermore,the difference of the same Bacillus specie in the 5collected places were different significantly,and each one had a specific Bacillus specie.Our results suggested that there had an abundance of Bacillus in the north of Shanxi Province.