Abstract: Genetic diversity of 23 spring soybean landraces in Fujian were examined according to their phenotypic traits and SSR markers.The results showed that the average coefficient of variation was 26.56%, and the average diversity index was 1.29.The phenotypic traits could be clustered into 3groups.One hundred sixty-three alleles were detected with an average of 3.26 alleles, and 2.286 efficient alleles per locus.The polymorphism inform content varied from 0.131 8to 0.728 5, with an average of 0.454 9.The mean Shannon-Weaver index was 0.899 5.The similarity coefficients ranged from 0.194 4to 0.725 2, with an average of 0.450 9.Using UPGMA based on the data on the SSR molecular markers, the cluster analysis also grouped the 23 landraces into 3categories.On the other hand, the dengdrogram did not indicate a clear division among the landraces of different geographical origins.