Abstract: Main characteristics of grain production in Fujian Province were summarized, and the comprehensive grain production capacity was analyzed by C-D function based on the related data from 2000 to 2012.The grain production characteristics were as follow:the area of arable land is reduced and the contradiction between man and land is sharp;the grain production scale is small and the farmers are aged;the comprehensive productivity declines with little potential;and the infrastructure is weak and the natural disaster is frequent.The constructed grain production model results showed that (1) the sowing area and chemical fertilizer application amount are the most important factors for grain production with positive correlation, whil disaster area and rular labor were negatively affects the grain production, and there was hidden unemployment in rural area; (2) The grain production of Fujian province was at the stage of constant returns to scale.Finally, according to the results, some suggestions, including the improvement of grain producer, strengthening farmland infrastructure, and the innovation of agricultural production technology, were proposed to enhance the grain production capacity of Fujian province.