Effect of Soil Conditioners on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Soil and Yield and Quality of Tea
-
摘要: 为调节茶园土壤理化性状, 提高茶叶产量和品质, 通过近3a的田间小区试验, 在氮磷钾肥平衡施用基础上, 研究添施腐植酸类土壤调理剂 (腐植酸和风化煤) 对茶园土壤理化性状及茶叶产量、品质的影响, 结果表明:添施腐植酸类土壤调理剂可降低土壤容重7.22%15.44%, 提高土壤孔隙度8.24%18.62%, pH2.97%18.61%、有机质8.86%27.22%、全氮9.80%45.10%、全磷6.12%40.82%、全钾4.52%40.16%、碱解氮8.81%45.75%、速效磷0.62%67.55%和速效钾5.56%36.09%;并增加茶青产量3.19%14.24%, 提高茶叶的茶多酚5.21%10.73%。其中, 以化肥+腐植酸+风化煤处理对提高茶叶产量、茶多酚以及土壤碱解氮含量的效果最佳;以化肥+腐植酸处理对降低土壤容重、增加土壤孔隙度、提高土壤的有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、有效磷和速效钾含量的效果最佳;而化肥+风化煤处理对提高土壤pH值的效果最佳。Abstract: To modify the physical and chemical properties of the soil and to improve the yield and quality of the tea, a field trial on two soil conditioners (i.e., humic acid and weathered coal) was conducted.The conditioners were added to the soil at a tea plantation with a balanced use of nitrogenous, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for the previous 3years.The results showed that the weight/volume of the soil was reduced by 7.22%-15.44%;the porosity, pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium of the soil increased by 8.24%-18.62%, 2.97%-18.61%, 8.86%-27.22%, 9.80%-45.10%, 6.12%-40.82%, 4.52%-40.16%, 8.81%-45.75%, 0.62%-67.55% and5.56%-36.09%, respectively;and, the yield and polyphenol content of the tea increased by 3.19%-14.24%and5.21%-10.73%, respectively.Specifically, the application of the " chemical fertilizer+humic acid+weathered coal" showed the most significant effect on increasing the yield and polyphenols of the tea and the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content in the soil.The application of the " chemical fertilizer+humic acid" appeared to be most significant in bringing about the decrease on the volume-weight and increases on the porosity, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus and potassium of the soil.And, the treatment with the "chemical fertilizer+weathered coal" was most effective in raising the pH of the soil.
-
Keywords:
- soil conditioners /
- tea /
- yield /
- quality /
- soil properties
-
-
泉州市茶叶公司.农业部发布2013年中国茶叶种植生产情况[EB/OL]. http://www.fjcoop.com/html/1/8/49249 _201412058_1.html.2014-01-20
黄东风, 李卫华, 范平, 等.低碳经济与中国茶业可持续发展对策研究[J].中国生态农业学报, 2010, 18 (5) :1110-1115. 王校常.当前茶园肥培管理中的几个问题探讨[J].贵州科学, 2008, 26 (2) :44-47. 孙蓟锋, 王旭.土壤调理剂的研究和应用进展[J].中国土壤与肥料, 2013, (1) :1-7. 彭志对, 黄继川, 于俊红, 等.施用腐植酸肥料对茶叶产量和品质的影响[J].广东农业科学, 2012, (22) :6-8. 王日鑫, 李成学.绿色环保型腐植酸磷[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2009. 高玉芬, 孙丽蓉, 周莉娜, 等.黄腐酸土壤改良液体肥试验效果探讨[J].陕西农业科学, 2011, (6) :100-103. CHEN Fu-sheng, CHEN Guang-sheng, ZENG De-hui, et al.Effects of peat and weathered coal on the growth of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica seedlings on aeolian sandy soil[J].Journal of Forestry Research, 2002, 13 (4) :251-254.
白玲, 陈世宝, 华珞, 等.腐植酸与Cd、Zn的络合特性研究[J].核农学报, 2000, 14 (1) :44-48. YAMAGUCHI T.Effect of peat-sapropel based ameliorant on green cabbage and wheat cultivation in the Egyptian Western Desert[J].Journal of Arid Land Studies, 1997, 7 (1) :35-45.
YAMAGUCHI T.Prevention of desertification by utilizing natural humic resources found nearby the site[J].Journal of Arid Land Studies, 1999, 9 (1) :105-122.
文雅, 李东旭.风化煤腐殖酸在土壤改良中的应用[J].科技情报开发与经济, 2010, 20 (33) :148-149. 武瑞平, 李华, 曹鹏.风化煤施用对复垦土壤理化性质酶活性及植被恢复的影响研究[J].农业环境科学学报, 2009, 28 (9) :1855-1861. 中国土壤学会.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社, 2000. 韩明东, 杨双, 段震宇.腐植酸在土壤改良中的应用[J].农业与技术, 2013, 3 (3) :5. 王宏韬, 马献发, 张继舟.腐植酸在土壤与肥料中的应用[J].黑龙江科学, 2010, 1 (1) :59-62. 赵洪亮, 邹德乙.腐植酸对风沙土的改良作用[J].腐植酸, 2008, (3) :45-46. 邹德乙.腐植酸是土壤的优质改良剂[J].腐植酸, 2008, (2) :44-45. 杨净云, 海建平, 赵丽君.不同新型水溶肥料对茶叶的增产效果及经济效益分析[J].园艺与种苗, 2012, (4) :56-59. 陈学涛, 孔庆波, 张青, 等.腐植酸肥在铁观音茶树上的应用效果研究[J].福建农业科技, 2014, (4) :24-26.
计量
- 文章访问数: 227
- HTML全文浏览量: 52
- PDF下载量: 3
下载:
