Abstract: Strengthening the plant new varieties protection is the core to promote the trade of agricultural products and enhance the international competition ability for all the nations in the world.In this paper,by referring to the systems and enterprise-oriented breeding researches in developed countries,the effects and achievements of the breeding research system in our country were investigated.The results showed that plant new varieties protection played an important role in the encouraging breeding research and promoting modern agriculture development.There were still problems existed like system deficiency and low ability on creation,etc.Thus the plant new varieties protection system was suggested to be enhanced from policy on administration,system choice,protection mode,resource protection,breeding enterprise,operation system,and so on,in order to innovate the breeding research.