Abstract: To understand the genetics of the 1st-node-female-flower of Cucurbita moschata,the mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model was used.The inheritance of the 1st-node-female-flowers in 6generations(i.e.,P1,P2,F1,F2,BCP1 and BCP2)derived from the hybrid combinations of C.moschata89-1×93-5 was investigated.The results showed that the traits of the 1st-node-female-flowers were controlled by two major genes with additive-dominance-epistemic effects and the polygenes with additive-dominance effects model in the joint analysis of 6generations.The additive effects of the two major genes were 0.068 4,indicating an increase of the 1stnode-female-flowers;the dominance effects of the two major genes were-4.826 5and-0.905 8,respectively;and,the polygenes additive and dominance effect were 3.008 5and-1.566 8,respectively.The major gene hereditabilities of BCP1,BCP2 and F2 populations were 74.34%,68.17% and 89.84%,respectively,and the polygene hereditability was 0,indicating that the higher hereditability of the major genes could be favorable to an efficient selection in early generation of breeding.