Abstract: Environmental regulation has directly effects on the cost and quality of agricultural production,and then on the agricultural growth.With environmental regulation theoretical analysis,the relationship between agricultural growth and environmental regulation was tested by simultaneous equations model based on provincial panel data of China from 1990 to 2003.The results showed that effects of environmental regulation on agricultural growth changed from "positive" to " negative",and there were still barriers existed in the promoting mechanism of environmental regulation to agricultural growth.Finally,policy suggestions for improving environmental regulation and promoting agricultural growth were proposed from aspects of agricultural industry understanding,agricultural developing policy,agricultural environmental management and ecological agriculture subsidies.