不同氮肥运筹对水稻根际土壤理化性质及代谢物质的影响
Effects of Different Nitrogen Regimes on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Metabolites in Rice Rhizosphere
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摘要: 以水稻‘金恢809’为材料,探讨不同氮肥运筹方式对水稻产量、土壤酶活性、土壤理化指标以及土壤代谢物质的影响。结果表明:适当地前氮后移能显著增加水稻产量,提高土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性,增加水稻生育后期土壤速效养分,降低土壤pH值。进一步采用GC-MS分析不同氮肥运筹下水稻根际土壤代谢物质的变化,发现水稻根际土壤响应氮肥调控出现变化的代谢物质主要有7大类(20种物质),主要分为醇类、酚酸类、酚类、醚类、酸酐、脂类、酸类以及酮类。综上可见,适当前氮后移有利于维护土壤碳氮代谢协调发展,促进水稻根系分泌有机酸,提高根际土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶等营养循环相关酶活性,增强土壤养分有效性,促进水稻对养分的吸收,实现水稻高产高效的目的。Abstract: The goal of this study is to understand how nitrogen(N)influences the yield,physico-chemical properties and soil enzyme activities and metabolites in rice rhizosphere by keeping the total N supply constant and varying the ratio of early to late growth stage fertilizer application.The results showed that soil urease,soil sucrose,available nutrients and yield were significantly higher in NP(efficient nitrogen application)than in NT(traditional nitrogen application).However,pH value showed the opposite trend.Furthermore,metabolomics analysis by GC-MS identified 7kinds of differentiallyregulated metabolites in soils,including alcohols,phenolic acids,phenols,ethers,anhydride and ketones.In conclusion,efficient nitrogen application can improve soil enzymes,soil available nutrients and yield.
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