Abstract: Time-release fertilizers were applied on rice fields to evaluate their effects on the yield, agronomic characteristics, and over-all benefits of single-and double-planting, late rice. The results showed that, for the single-planting variety, the percentage of productive tillers on an individual plant was significantly improved, and the number of filled grains per panicle and seed setting rate increased when the lignin time-release fertilizer (F1) was used. Comparing to the conventional fertilization(F4), F1 reduced N fertilizer usage by 56.0% with merely 0.89% decrease on yield, which was still greater than either Kingenta Controlled-release Fertilizer (F2) or Rice Formulated Fertilizer(F3). In addition, the N agronomic efficiency of the F1 application was also higher than that of F4 or F3. Despite the slightly lower economic return resulted from using F1 than F3, the fertilization efficiency was significantly improved. For the double-planting variety, the N agronomic efficiency was increased as high as 23.95% as well for F1 application, resulting in 5.61% and 3.49% reduction on grain yield and economic efficiency as compared to F4, respectively. F1 was also lower than Kingenta controlled-release fertilizer(F2) on grain yield and economic efficiency.It was concluded, with the experimental results, that F1 could be applied in single-planting, late-season rice cultivation to realize optimal grain yield and N utilization, as well as improvements on the economic and environmental considerations.