Abstract: This article reviews the potential of using nuclear magnetic resonance technology for non-invasive detection of the morphological structure and distribution of phosphorus in soil and plants. It could resolve the bottleneck in the related research and generate new fields of study on phosphorus clean-up in polluted environment. From the published literature, the advantages of using 31P-NMR for phosphorus migration and transformation are discussed in detail. NMR could be applied for studies on water, soil, plant, etc. as well. Furthermore, the existing problems and direction for future research on the applications are presented.