Abstract: An orthogonal experiment was conducted to explore the effects of addition of mushroom discards in soil at varied rates, spraying of SODm (a foliar fertilizer) on leaves, and fertilization time on the growth indices (i.e., plant height, leaf count, aerial root number, plant fresh weight, and product yield) and kinsenoside content in Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. The results indicated that timely application of mushroom discards in soil and SODm spraying on leaves promoted the growth of A. roxburghii and increased the harvest by 12.38%on average. The factors that significantly increased the kinsenoside content in the plants were in the order of mushroom discards > application time > SODm dilution rate. The optimal fertilization under a cultivation test with simulated wilderness conditions was determined to consist of the addition of 2.0 kg mushroom discards per m², foliar feeding with 150x dilution of SODm, and harvesting the plants 150 days after the treatments.