Abstract: Polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs) play a critical role in animal lipid homeostasis by regulating the expressions of lipogenic and lipolytic genes. This study attempted to decipher the effects of linoleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in diet on the lipids and the sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) gene in meat-type ducks. Indoor-raised female Cherry Valley ducks were randomly divided into three groups to be fed each with either a basal diet, the basal diet+4% linoleic acid, or the basal diet+4% EPA. Content of lipids and abundance of SREBP1 mRNA were determined in 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after the feeding started. The addition of linoleic acid and EPA in the diet was found to raise the contents of saturated fatty acids, PUFAs and essential fatty acids (EFA) in the duck muscles as well as those of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCHO) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the blood. The effect induced by the addition of linoleic acid was greater than that of EPA. The mRNA in liver SREBP1 declined with the added fatty acids suggesting their inhibitory effect on the transcription of the gene, with a slightly greater extent by EPA than linoleic acid. The expression of SREBP1 significantly correlated with the abdominal fat, intramuscular fat, unsaturated fatty acids, PUFA, EFA, serum TG and TCHO in the ducks. It appeared that linoleic acid, EPA and SREBP1 gene regulation interacted to affect the lipid deposit in the ducks.