杂交稻强再生力鉴定指标的建立及组合筛选

林强; 姜照伟; 林祁; 王颖姮; 张初长; 卓传营; 谢鸿光; 蒋家焕; 谢华安; 张建福

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.08.002

杂交稻强再生力鉴定指标的建立及组合筛选

林强^{1, 2, 3,},
姜照伟^{1, 2, 3,},
林祁⁴,
王颖姮^{1, 2, 3},
张初长⁵,
卓传营⁴,
谢鸿光^{1, 2, 3},
蒋家焕^{1, 2, 3},
谢华安^{1, 2, 3, ,},
张建福^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
福建省农业科学院水稻研究所, 福建福州 350018
2.
农业农村部华南杂交水稻种质创新与分子育种重点实验室/福州(国家)水稻改良分中心/福建省作物分子育种工程实验室/福建省水稻分子育种重点实验室/福建省作物种质创新与分子育种省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地/杂交水稻国家重点实验室华南研究基地, 福建福州 350003
3.
水稻国家工程实验室, 福建福州 350003
4.
福建省尤溪县农业技术推广站, 福建尤溪 365100
5.
福建省尤溪县梅仙镇农业技术推广站, 福建尤溪 365101

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2016YFD0300508

福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项 2016R1020-4

福建省自然科学基金项目 2016J01136

详细信息

作者简介:
林强(1977—), 男, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事水稻遗传育种研究(E-mail:625460569@qq.com)

姜照伟(1973—), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事水稻栽培生理研究(E-mail:260762925@qq.com)

通讯作者:
谢华安(1941—), 男, 研究员, 主要从事杂交水稻育种研究(E-mail:huaanxie@163.com)

张建福(1971—), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事水稻分子育种研究(E-mail:jianfzhang@163.com)

中图分类号: S511
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-06-17
- 修回日期: 2019-07-15
- 刊出日期: 2019-07-31

Indexing and Recommended Combinations of Rice Varieties for New Breeds with Strong Ratooning Ability

LIN Qiang^{1, 2, 3,},
JIANG Zhao-wei^{1, 2, 3,},
LIN Qi⁴,
WANG Ying-heng^{1, 2, 3},
ZHANG Chu-zhang⁵,
ZHUO Chuan-yin⁴,
XIE Hong-guang^{1, 2, 3},
JIANG Jia-huang^{1, 2, 3},
XIE Hua-an^{1, 2, 3, ,},
ZHANG Jian-fu^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China/Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Incubator of National key Laboratory of Fujian Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences & Technology, China/South China Bases of National Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice for China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
3.
National Rice Engineering Laboratory of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
4.
Agro-technical Extension Station of Youxi County, Youxi, Fujian 365100, China
5.
Agro-technical Extension Station of Meixian Town, Youxi County, Youxi, Fujian 365101, China

摘要

摘要:
目的解析生产上杂交稻品种的再生力鉴定指标，以期筛选出头季稻产量高、再生力强的组合，为再生稻新组合的选育和研究提供基础。
方法试验于2015-2017年在福建省三明市尤溪县，以23个杂交稻组合为材料，其中3个为再生稻发展不同阶段的代表性品种，统一采用高产栽培方式，利用相关、回归与通径分析，研究性状指标与再生稻产量及构成因素的关系，进而确定再生力筛选指标，并进行新组合再生力的比较和筛选。
结果头季稻产量与穗粒数的相关系数为0.83，达极显著水平，穗粒数对产量的贡献率达54.61%，因而头季高产的品种特征为重穗，以穗粒数的优势形成巨大的库容量；再生季产量与有效穗数的相关系数为0.70，达显著水平，有效穗数对产量的贡献率达38.98%，显示再生季的库容量来源于多穗。头季稻的有效穗数、有效穗数与母茎数比率，均与再生稻产量极显著相关，系数分别为-0.86和0.82，经回归分析获得再生稻产量预测模型，其预测准确率分别为70.6%~99.6%和76.5%~99.5%。
结论再生季产量是衡量再生力强弱的直接依据，而头季有效穗数、有效穗数与母茎数比率是强再生力品种的重要筛选指标。经鉴定和筛选，内6优7206、川优7185、川优7206、荃优7028为再生稻优良组合。
- 杂交稻 /
- 再生力 /
- 鉴定指标 /
- 组合筛选
Abstract:
Objective To establish an indexing system on rice ratooning ability for studies and breeding of hybrids.
Methods Twenty-three varieties including 3 representing different developing ages were cultivated under same conditions in Youxi county, Sanming, Fujian from 2015 to 2017. Correlation, regression and path analyses were conducted on the traits, yield and yield factors on the cultivars.
Results The 1^st-season rice yield of the cultivars significantly correlated with the grain number per panicle (r=0.83) with a 54.61% contribution to the yield indicating a critical role of heavy panicles to high yield. In ratooning season, the yield significantly related to the effective panicle number (r=0.70) with a 38.98% contribution rate suggesting a shift of storage capacity in the plants between the two seasons. The effective panicle count and the effective panicle/stem number ratio of the rice plants in the 1^st season significantly correlated with the yield in the following season at r=-0.86 and 0.82, respectively. A prediction model derived from the regression analysis base on the panicle count for the ratooning rice yield was 70.6%-99.6% accurate and, based on the effective panicle/stem number ratio, 76.5%-99.5%.
Conclusions As a measure of the ratooning ability of a rice variety, the panicle count and/or the effective panicle/stem number ratio of the plants could be used to appropriately estimate the yield. Accordingly, Nei-6-you 7206, Chuan-you 7185, Chuan-you 7206, and Quan-you 7028 were identified as superior varieties for breeding hybrids with a strong ratooning ability.
- hybrid rice /
- ratooning ability /
- indexing system /
- screening

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表 1 2006-2018年福建省尤溪县再生稻“百亩示范片”产量

Table 1 Production of ratooning rice in 2006-2018 demonstrative planting at Youxi county, Fujian

年份 Years	品种 Varieties	面积 Area/hm²	平均产量Average yield/(kg·hm^-2)
年份 Years	品种 Varieties	面积 Area/hm²	头季 Main crop	再生季 Ratooning rice	合计 Total
2006	Ⅱ优航2号Ⅱ Youhang No.2	7.30	12300.0	7093.5	19393.5
2007	Ⅱ优航2号Ⅱ Youhang No.2	7.30	13153.5	7576.5	20730.0
2008	Ⅱ优航2号Ⅱ Youhang No.2	6.90	12969.0	7867.5	20836.5
2009	Ⅱ优623 Ⅱ You 673	13.70	13303.5	6973.5	20277.0
2010	天优673 Tian You 673	10.21	10443.0	8442.0	18885.0
2011	Ⅱ优673 Ⅱ You 673	9.00	12018.0	6262.5	18280.5
2012	Ⅱ优673 Ⅱ You 673	6.87	12013.5	7296.0	19309.5
2013	谷优2173 Guyou 2173	8.54	12757.5	7009.5	19767.0
2014	广两优676 Guangliangyou 676	6.87	11658.0	6567.0	18225.0
2015	广两优676 Guangliangyou 676	8.63	12166.5	6118.5	18285.0
2016	广两优676 Guangliangyou 676	14.14	12298.5	6324.0	18622.5
2017	谷优676 Guyou 676	13.51	12550.5	6831.0	19381.5
2018	谷优676 Guyou 676	9.07	12612.0	7066.5	19678.5
平均Average		9.39	12326.4	7032.9	19359.3

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表 2 再生稻高产品种产量构成的比较

Table 2 Yield factors of selected ratooning rice varieties

季别 Rice season	品种 Varieties	产量 Yield/ (kg·hm^-2)	有效穗数 Effextive panicle	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	结实率 Seed setting rate/%	千粒重 1 000-grain weight/g	有效穗数与母茎数比率 Ratio of effective panicle to mnumber of mother stem/%
头季 Main crop	V₁	8361.5a	295.3a	143.8b	85.3a	28.4ab
	V₂	9059.1a	253.8ab	168.6ab	86.7a	29.1a
	V₃	9039.9a	242.3b	182.1a	84.0a	26.8b
再生季 Ratooning rice	V₁	3477.5b	329.8b	58.2b	85.1a	23.5a	111.6b
	V₂	4586.1a	455.6a	63.0b	86.1a	25.7a	180.0a
	V₃	4374.5a	336.2b	76.9a	86.2a	24.5a	139.9b
注：同列数据后无相同字母者表示差异达5%显著水平。表 6~7同。 Note: Data followed by different letters indicate significant difference at 5% level. The same as Table 6-7.

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表 3 再生稻产量构成因素对产量的作用

Table 3 Contribution rates of yield factors to production of ratooning rice

季别 Rice season	产量性状 Yield components	相关系数Correlation coefficient				通径系数Path coefficient				贡献率 Contribution rate/%
季别 Rice season	产量性状 Yield components	穗粒数	千粒重	结实率	产量	有效穗数	穗粒数	千粒重	结实率	贡献率 Contribution rate/%
头季 Main crop	有效穗数	-0.6300	-0.0800	0.1900	-0.3500	0.4033	-1.0087	0.0466	0.2045	-23.03
	穗粒数		-0.0600	-0.5200	0.8300^**	-0.2548	1.5963	0.0315	-0.5456	54.61
	千粒重			0.8200^**	0.1700	-0.0329	-0.0881	-0.5705	0.8570	11.18
	结实率				-0.1700	0.0786	-0.8301	-0.4659	1.0493	-11.18
再生季 Ratooning rice	有效穗数	-0.2700	0.0900	0.6400^*	0.7000^*	0.9417	-0.1574	0.0223	-0.1096	38.98
	穗粒数		-0.0300	0.0500	0.3000	-0.2589	0.5725	-0.0073	-0.0079	16.69
	千粒重			0.4800	0.2300	0.0882	-0.0175	0.2377	-0.0831	12.60
	结实率				0.5700	0.5990	0.0263	0.1146	-0.1723	31.74
注：穗粒数Spikelets per panicle，千粒重1 000-grain weight，结实率Seed setting rate，产量Yield，有效穗数Effextive panicle。、分别表示差异达5%和1%显著水平。下同。头季: R²=0.9069，Pe=0.3051；再生季: R²=0.7924，Pe=0.4556。 Note： and ** indicate significant differences at 5% and 1% level, respectively. Same for following tables. For 1^st-season crop, R²=0.9069, Pe=0.3051; and, for ratooning season crop, R²=0.7924, Pe=0.4556.

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表 4 再生稻产量及其构成因素对目标因素的贡献率分析

Table 4 Contribution rates of ratooning rice production and yield factors to target yield factors

构成因素 Form factors	目标因素 Objective	相关系数Correlation coefficient		直接通径系数Directly path coefficient		贡献率Contribution rate/%
构成因素 Form factors	目标因素 Objective	头季 Main crop	再生季 Ratooning rice	头季 Main crop	再生季 Ratooning rice	头季 Main crop	再生季 Ratooning rice
有效穗数Effextive panicle	颖花量Spikelets	0.0539	0.7208^*	0.5397	0.9185	32.76	56.08
穗粒数Spikelets per panicle		0.8712^**	0.4667	1.1079	0.7193	67.24	43.92
颖花量Spikelets	库容量Storage capacity	0.9821^**	0.9787^**	0.9401	0.8090	83.04	75.38
千粒重1 000-grain weight		0.3977	0.7837^**	0.1920	0.2643	16.96	24.62
库容量Storage capacity	产量Yield	0.9971^**	0.9911^**	0.9608	0.9707	92.00	87.98
结实率Seed setting rate		0.5017	0.2815	0.0835	0.1326	8.00	12.02

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表 5 头季稻产量构成因素、有效穗数、母茎数比率与再生季产量的相关系数

Table 5 Correlation coefficients between yield factors and effective panicle/stem number ratio of 1^st-season crop and ratooning season production

相关系数 Correlation coefficient	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	千粒重 1 000-grain weight	结实率 Seed setting rate	有效穗数与母茎数比率 Ratio of effective panicle to mnumber of mother stem	产量 Yield
有效穗数Effextive panicle	-0.63	-0.08	0.21	-0.66^*	-0.86^**
穗粒数Spikelets per panicle		-0.06	-0.53	0.35	0.55
千粒重1 000-grain weight			0.81^**	0.48	0.25
结实率Seed setting rate				0.37	0.06
有效穗数与母茎数比率Ratio of effective panicle to mnumber of mother stem					0.82^**

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表 6 再生稻新组合头季产量构成及比较

Table 6 Yield factors in 1^st-season production of ratooning rice bred with new combinations

品种 Varieties	产量 Yield/(kg·hm^-1)	有效穗数 Effextive panicle	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	结实率 Seed setting rate/%	千粒重 1 000-grain weight/g
V₃(CK)	9039.9 ab	242.3def	182.1b	84.0abc	26.8hi
V₄	8045.7 def	265.0bcde	135.7hijk	83.0bc	31.4ab
V₅	9150.8 a	240.1ef	144.7fghij	85.4abc	31.9a
V₆	9126.8 a	257.3bcde	160.0cdef	85.1abc	30.0cd
V₇	7660.7 ef	300.3a	225.8a	86.0abc	26.6hi
V₈	8906.0 abc	278.1ab	158.3cdef	86.5abc	24.9j
V₉	8358.4 bcde	273.5abc	127.0k	81.2c	26.9hi
V₁₀	8210.7 cdef	270.2bcd	129.0jk	90.8a	26.6hi
V₁₁	9014.5 ab	245.6cdef	145.4fghi	85.2abc	27.2gh
V₁₂	7884.2 ef	241.8def	148.8efgh	86.0abc	29.7cde
V₁₃	7686.4 ef	253.1bcdef	150.6defgh	85.2abc	26.5hi
V₁₄	9070.3 ab	240.7ef	154.8cdefg	86.3abc	28.3fg
V₁₅	8791.1 abcd	255.7bcde	164.3cde	86.4abc	30.4bc
V₁₆	9394.5 a	250.5bcdef	170.5bc	86.2abc	29.0def
V₁₇	9070.7 ab	248.5cdef	166.0bcd	87.2abc	27.8fgh
V₁₈	7678.0 ef	255.7bcde	151.2defgh	86.3abc	30.7abc
V₁₉	7669.5 ef	263.5bcde	154.1defg	89.0ab	30.5bc
V₂₀	7527.9 fg	252.0bcdef	162.8cde	83.3bc	27.8fgh
V₂₁	7502.0 fg	260.4bcde	130.4ijk	86.3abc	27.7fgh
V₂₂	6786.7 g	226.0f	139.5ghijk	82.0bc	28.6ef
V₂₃	8812.0 abc	252.4bcdef	151.3defgh	87.7abc	25.8ij
F值F value	7.9630^**	2.4860^**	14.2200^**	0.7150	16.9790^**

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表 7 再生稻新组合再生季产量构成及比较

Table 7 Yield factors in ratooning season production of ratooning rice bred with new combinations

品种 Varieties	产量 Yield/(kg·hm^-1)	有效穗数 Effextive panicle	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	结实率 Seed setting rate/%	千粒重 1 000-grain weight/g
V₃(CK)	4374.5ab	336.2cde	76.9ab	86.2abc	24.5ghi
V₄	3617.2cd	315.2ef	60.8cdefghi	80.6cde	27.9bcd
V₅	4426.0a	354.4bcde	73.0abcd	81.7bcde	30.0a
V₆	3958.9abcd	373.3abcd	71.1abcdef	81.9abcde	26.9cdef
V₇	2727.4e	275.7f	74.5abc	77.3e	23.5ij
V₈	3816.2abcd	340.6cde	68.9bcdefg	83.2abcde	22.4j
V₉	3452.5d	336.6cde	55.3ghi	83.6abcde	24.6ghi
V₁₀	3627.6cd	391.4abc	52.8hi	86.1abc	24.6ghi
V₁₁	3761.0abcd	321.8def	72.1abcde	83.9abcde	24.6ghi
V₁₂	4356.3ab	420.0a	49.7i	88.7ab	28.0bcd
V₁₃	3384.6de	325.8def	57.8fghi	82.5abcde	27.6cde
V₁₄	4234.6abc	405.6ab	59.2efghi	86.2abc	26.7cdef
V₁₅	4327.3ab	376.9abcd	67.0bcdefg	88.7ab	29.6ab
V₁₆	4425.4a	355.5bcde	83.9a	85.9abcd	27.5cde
V₁₇	4386.1ab	337.9cde	71.4abcdef	84.6abcde	26.4defg
V₁₈	3371.3de	314.6ef	66.6bcdefgh	88.9ab	28.3abc
V₁₉	3526.6d	336.4cde	56.3ghi	84.0abcde	27.2cdef
V₂₀	3488.8d	353.8bcde	59.4defghi	83.3abcde	25.5fgh
V₂₁	3745.2bcd	334.8cde	61.0cdefghi	78.4de	24.2hij
V₂₂	3989.2abcd	338.6cde	74.0abc	78.0e	27.8bcd
V₂₃	3994.3abcd	340.7cde	67.6bcdefg	89.3a	25.8efgh
F值F value	3.6630^**	2.6190^**	3.3660^**	1.7810	8.9170^**

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表 8 21个参试组合按主作性状对再生力的准确率

Table 8 Accuracies in predicting ratooning abilities of 21 experimental hybrids based on main yield factors

品种 Varieties	实际产量 Observed yield/(kg·hm^-2)	模拟产量Simulated yield/(kg·hm^-2)		预测精度Accuracy/%
品种 Varieties	实际产量 Observed yield/(kg·hm^-2)	有效穗数预测值	有效穗数与母茎数比率预测值	有效穗数	有效穗数与母茎数比率
V₃(CK)	4374.5	4508.8	4069.7	96.9	93.0
V₄	3617.2	4126.5	3774.0	85.9	95.7
V₅	4426.0	4546.3	4202.6	97.3	95.0
V₆	3958.9	4256.4	4165.2	92.5	94.8
V₇	2727.4	3529.0	3367.8	70.6	76.5
V₈	3816.2	3903.7	3826.5	97.7	99.7
V₉	3452.5	3981.3	3835.1	84.7	88.9
V₁₀	3627.6	4037.9	4161.6	88.7	85.3
V₁₁	3761.0	4453.8	3954.8	81.6	94.8
V₁₂	4356.3	4518.6	4593.7	96.3	94.6
V₁₃	3384.6	4326.4	3919.9	72.2	84.2
V₁₄	4234.6	4536.4	4515.5	92.9	93.4
V₁₅	4327.3	4282.1	4199.4	99.0	97.0
V₁₆	4425.4	4370.6	4117.4	98.8	93.0
V₁₇	4386.1	4403.9	4028.1	99.6	91.8
V₁₈	3371.3	4282.4	3834.5	73.0	86.3
V₁₉	3526.6	4151.0	3904.2	82.3	89.3
V₂₀	3488.8	4345.8	4094.9	75.4	82.6
V₂₁	3745.2	4204.3	3918.2	87.7	95.4
V₂₂	3989.2	4784.8	4235.4	80.1	93.8
V₂₃	3994.3	4338.8	4014.1	91.4	99.5
注：有效穗数预测值Predictive value of effective panicle，有效穗数与母茎数比率预测值Predictive value of ratio of effective panicle to mnumber of mother stem，有效穗数Effective panicle，有效穗数与母茎数比率Ratio of effective panicle to mnumber of mother stem。

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杂交稻强再生力鉴定指标的建立及组合筛选

作者简介: 林强(1977—), 男, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事水稻遗传育种研究(E-mail:625460569@qq.com) 姜照伟(1973—), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事水稻栽培生理研究(E-mail:260762925@qq.com)

通讯作者: 谢华安(1941—), 男, 研究员, 主要从事杂交水稻育种研究(E-mail:huaanxie@163.com) 张建福(1971—), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事水稻分子育种研究(E-mail:jianfzhang@163.com)

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Indexing and Recommended Combinations of Rice Varieties for New Breeds with Strong Ratooning Ability

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作者简介:
林强(1977—), 男, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事水稻遗传育种研究(E-mail:625460569@qq.com)

姜照伟(1973—), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事水稻栽培生理研究(E-mail:260762925@qq.com)

通讯作者:
谢华安(1941—), 男, 研究员, 主要从事杂交水稻育种研究(E-mail:huaanxie@163.com)

张建福(1971—), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事水稻分子育种研究(E-mail:jianfzhang@163.com)