• 中文核心期刊
  • CSCD来源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • CA、CABI、ZR收录期刊

复合微生物菌对育肥猪生产性能、胃肠道绒毛及菌群结构的影响

Effects of a Compound Microbial Agent on Weight-gain, Gastrointestinal Villi and Flora of Pigs at Fattening Stage

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  研究复合微生态菌剂对育肥猪猪生产性能、胃肠道绒毛结构及菌群的影响。
      方法  选取300头60日龄25 kg的育肥猪，随机分成对照组和试验组，试验组添加微生态菌剂，对照组添加等量的无菌水。每个处理15个重复，每个重复10头猪。试验为期90 d，记录日采食量、日增重，并测定15、30、60、90 d的耗料、增重比。试验结束时，每处理采集18头猪的胃黏液和结肠黏液，运用Illumina MiSeq方法测定16S rRNA基因并分析，并运用HE染色方法分析育肥猪胃肠道绒毛结构。
      结果  与对照组相比，添加复合微生物菌处理显著提高育肥猪的平均日增重35.53 g（P＜0.05），降低料肉比0.10(P＜0.05)；16S rRNA基因测序结果表明，添加复合微生物菌组的育肥猪胃肠道属水平乳酸杆菌的丰度（平均67.81%）显著高于对照组（13.54%）（P＜0.05)，艰难梭菌属（4.51%）显著低于对照（5.55%）（P＜0.05)。结肠黏液属水平的乳酸菌丰度（平均6.51%）比试验组高（3.17%）（P＜0.05)，结肠黏液属水平艰难梭菌属（2.32%）比对照低（3.73%）（P＜0.05)，艰难梭菌数量显著低于对照组(P＜0.01)。此外，添加复合微生物菌明显增加胃肠道绒毛长度和密度(P＜0.05)。
      结论  复合微生物菌能够显著改善育肥猪的生产性能，增加肠道有益菌，同时改善胃肠道绒毛结构。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  Effects of a compound microecological bioagent on the weight-gain, gastrointestinal villi and micro-flora in pigs at end of growth period were studied．
      Methods  Three-hundred 60-day-old, weighing 25 kg, fattening pigs were randomly divided into control and treatment groups with 15 replicates of 10 pigs in each group. The treatment pigs were fed the forage diet supplemented with a microecological agent, while control with aseptic water. Daily feed-intake and weight-gain of the individual pigs were recorded for 90 d. Ratio of feed consumption/weight-gain was measured on the 15th, 30th, 60th, and 90th day during the feeding period. At end of the experiment, gastric and colon mucus of 18 randomly selected pigs from each group were collected for the Illumina MiSeq analysis on 16S rRNA gene and the HE-staining on gastrointestinal villi for a microscopic examination.
      Results  The average daily weight-gain of the treatment pigs significantly increased over control (i.e., 35.53 g increase at P＜0.05) with 10 percent reduction on feed-consumption/weight-gain ratio at P＜0.05. The 16S rRNA sequencing showed a significantly higher abundance of Lactobacillus in the gastrointestinal tracts of treatment pigs (averaging 67.81%) than that of control (averaging 13.54%) at P＜0.05, but that of Clostridium difficile (i.e., 4.51%) significantly lower than that of control (i.e., 5.55%) at P＜0.05. In the colon mucus, the genus abundance of Lactobacillus in treatment pigs (i.e., 6.51%) was significantly higher than that in control pigs (i.e., 3.17%) at P＜0.05, but C. difficile (i.e., 2.32%) significantly lower than that of control (i.e., 3.73%) at P＜0.05. The supplementation of the compound microbial agent also significantly increased the length and density of gastrointestinal villi in the treatment pigs (P＜0.05).
      Conclusion  The compound microecological bioagent significantly improved the weight-gain and increased the flora of beneficial bacteria as well as the gastrointestinal villi in the guts on pigs at fattening stage prior to slaughtering.

     

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