新入侵害虫木瓜秀粉蚧防治药剂的筛选及敏感性测定

李建宇; 史梦竹; 王秋月; 罗育英; 郑丽祯; 傅建炜

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.01.011

新入侵害虫木瓜秀粉蚧防治药剂的筛选及敏感性测定

李建宇^{1, 2, 3,},
史梦竹^{1, 2, 3},
王秋月^{1, 3},
罗育英^{1, 3},
郑丽祯¹,
傅建炜^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所/福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室/农业农村部福州作物有害生物科学观测实验站，福建　福州　350013
2.
福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/福建省农产品质量安全重点实验室，福建　福州　350001
3.
福建农林大学闽台作物有害生物防控国家重点实验室，福建　福州　350002

基金项目: 福建省科技计划重大专项（2017NZ0003-1-1）；福建省农业科学院自由探索科技创新项目（ZYTS2019012）；福建省财政专项——福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目（STIT2017-1-12）；福建省农产品质量安全重点实验室开放课题（APQSKF201901）

详细信息

作者简介:
李建宇（1982−），男，博士研究生，助理研究员，主要从事生物安全和入侵生物防治研究（E-mail：roy111999@foxmail.com）

通讯作者:
傅建炜（1974−），男，博士，研究员，主要从事生物安全和农产品质量安全研究（E-mail：fjw9238@163.com）

中图分类号: S 435
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-12-01
- 修回日期: 2020-01-04
- 刊出日期: 2019-12-31

Screening and Sensitivity of Pesticides for Controlling New Invasive Pest Paracoccus marginatus on Papaya Plants

LI Jian-yu^{1, 2, 3,},
SHI Meng-zhu^{1, 2, 3},
WANG Qiu-yue^{1, 3},
LUO Yu-ying^{1, 3},
ZHENG Li-zhen¹,
FU Jian-wei^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, Fujian　350013, China
2.
Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-products, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety, Fuzhou, Fujian　350001, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China

摘要

摘要:
目的木瓜秀粉蚧Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink是我国一种重要的新入侵害虫，为筛选出防治木瓜秀粉蚧的高效药剂，明确其对不同杀虫剂的敏感性。
方法采用浸叶法测定了2龄若虫和雌成虫对15种常用杀虫剂的敏感性。
结果从15种药剂中筛选出5种对木瓜秀粉蚧毒力较高的杀虫剂，分别为25 g·L⁻¹高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油、10%虫螨腈悬浮剂、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油、15%哒螨灵水乳剂和15%唑虫酰胺悬浮剂；其中，25 g·L⁻¹高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油对木瓜秀粉蚧的致死中浓度（LC₅₀）最小，2龄若虫和雌成虫的致死中浓度LC₅₀分别为0.243 0 、0.782 1 mg·L⁻¹，其次为10%虫螨腈悬浮剂、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油和15%哒螨灵水乳剂，15%唑虫酰胺悬浮剂的LC₅₀值最大；木瓜秀粉蚧2龄若虫对药剂的敏感性明显高于雌成虫。
结论就生物活性测定而言，在木瓜秀粉蚧爆发时，可选用25 g·L⁻¹高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油、10%虫螨腈悬浮剂、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油、15%哒螨灵水乳剂和15%唑虫酰胺悬浮剂作为当前防治木瓜秀粉蚧的主要防治药剂，可有效遏制入侵害虫木瓜秀粉蚧的危害。
- 新入侵害虫 /
- 木瓜秀粉蚧 /
- 杀虫剂 /
- 敏感性测定
Abstract:
Objective Tests to screen and determine sensitivities of insecticides for controlling Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara DE Willink, an important new invasive pest on papaya plants in China, were conducted.
Method The sensitivities of 2^nd nymphs and female adults of P. marginatus to 15 insecticides were determined by means of leaf immersion for pesticide selection.
Result Five applications of pesticides including 25 g·L⁻¹L lambda-cyhalothrin SC, 10% chlorfenapyr SC, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC, 15% pyridaben EW, and 15% tolfenpyrad SC with high toxicity to P. marginatus were selected for further evaluation. Among them, the lethal medium concentration (LC₅₀) of 25 g·L⁻¹ lambda-cyhalothrin SC was the lowest with LC₅₀ on the 2^nd nymphs and female adults being 0.243 0 mg·L⁻¹ and 0.782 1 mg·L⁻¹, respectively. It was followed by 10% chlorfenapyr SC, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC, 15% pyridaben EW and 15% tolfenpyrad SC in that order. The 2^nd nymphs were significantly more sensitive to the insecticides than the female adults.
Conclusion It appeared that 25 g·L⁻¹ lambda-cyhalothrin SC, 10% chlorfenapyr SC, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC, 15% pyridaben EW or 15% tolfenpyrad SC could be used to control or prevent a P. marginatus outbreak.
- new invasive pest /
- Paracoccus marginatus /
- pesticides /
- sensitivity determination

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图 1 15种杀虫剂对木瓜秀粉蚧毒力的初步筛选

Figure 1. Preliminary screening on toxicities of 15 insecticides on P. marginatus

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表 1 供试药剂及生产厂家

Table 1 Tested pesticides and their manufacturers

序号 No.	药剂名称　　 Pesticides	生产厂家 Manufacturers
1	350 g·L⁻¹吡虫啉悬浮剂 350 g·L⁻¹ imidacloprid SC	江苏龙灯化学有限公司 Jiangsu Rotam Chemistry Co., Ltd.
2	5%啶虫脒乳油 5% acetamiprid EC	江苏龙灯化学有限公司 Jiangsu Rotam Chemistry Co., Ltd.
3	20%呋虫胺可溶粒剂 20% dinotefuran SG	日本三井化学 AGRO株式会社 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
4	15%哒螨灵水乳剂 15% pyridaben EW	海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 Hainan Zhongzheng High Technology Co., Ltd.
5	10%虫螨腈悬浮剂 10% chlorfenapyr SC	巴斯夫植物保护（江苏）有限公司 Basf（China）Co., Ltd.
6	15%唑虫酰胺悬浮剂 15% tolfenpyrad SC	福建省德盛农药有限公司 Fujian Desheng Pesticide Co., Ltd.
7	4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油 4.5%beta-cypermethrin EC	河北威远生物化工有限公司 Hebei Veyong Bio-chemical Co., Ltd.
8	25 g·L⁻¹高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油 25 g·L⁻¹ lambda-cyhalothrin EC	先正达南通作物保护有限公司 Syngenta Nantong Crop Protection Co., Ltd.
9	25 g·L⁻¹溴氰菊酯乳油 25 g·L⁻¹ deltamethrin EC	拜耳作物科学（中国）有限公司 Bayer CropScience（China）Co., Ltd.
10	22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂 22.4% spirotetramat SC	拜耳作物科学（中国）有限公司 Bayer CropScience（China）Co., Ltd.
11	240 g·L⁻¹螺螨酯悬浮剂 240 g·L⁻¹ spirodiclofen SC	拜耳作物科学（中国）有限公司 Bayer CropScience（China）Co., Ltd.
12	22%氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂 22% sulfoxaflor SC	陶氏益农（中国）有限公司 Dow Agrosciences China Co., Ltd.
13	60 g·L⁻¹乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂 60 g·L⁻¹ spinetoram SC	陶氏益农（中国）有限公司 Dow Agrosciences China Co., Ltd.
14	200 g·L⁻¹氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂 200 g·L⁻¹ chlorantraniliprole SC	陶氏益农（中国）有限公司 Dow Agrosciences China Co., Ltd.
15	25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂 25% thiamethoxam WG	北京华戎生物激素厂 Beijing Huarong Biological Hormone Plant Co., Ltd.

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表 2 木瓜秀粉蚧2龄若虫对5种杀虫剂的敏感性

Table 2 Pesticide sensitivities of 2^nd-instar P. marginatus nymphs to 5 insecticides

药剂 Pesticides	试虫数 Number of insect	致死中浓度 LC₅₀/(mg·L⁻¹)	95%置信限 95% Confidence interval	斜率±标准误 Slope±SE	卡方(自由度) χ²(df)
25 g·L⁻¹高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油 25 g·L⁻¹ lambda-cyhalothrin EC	489	0.243 0	0.142 4～0.402 6	0.58±0.07	0.54(3)
10%虫螨腈悬浮剂 10% chlorfenapyr SC	900	11.64	10.09～13.34	1.63±0.11	11.87(4)
4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC	729	41.73	28.25～75.26	0.79±0.12	2.40(4)
15%哒螨灵水乳剂 15% pyridaben EW	822	44.95	35.45～55.18	1.29±0.11	7.40(5)
15%唑虫酰胺悬浮剂 15% tolfenpyrad SC	874	120.3	85.65～170.6	0.71±0.10	1.84(4)

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表 3 木瓜秀粉蚧雌成虫对5种杀虫剂的敏感性

Table 3 Pesticide sensitivities of female P. marginatus adults to 5 insecticides

药剂 Pesticides	试虫数 Number of insects	致死中浓度 LC₅₀/(mg·L⁻¹)	95%置信限 95% Confidence interval	斜率±标准误 Slope±SE	卡方(自由度) χ²(df)
25 g·L⁻¹高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油 25 g·L⁻¹ lambda-cyhalothrin EC	614	0.782 1	0.511 4～1.214 3	0.64±0.06	1.68(4)
10%虫螨腈悬浮剂 10% chlorfenapyr SC	751	24.83	20.67～30.11	1.35±0.10	9.10(5)
4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC	792	57.77	39.40～103.2	0.96±0.13	2.45(4)
15%哒螨灵水乳剂 15% pyridaben EW	921	67.70	54.31～83.63	1.03±0.08	4.29(5)
15%唑虫酰胺悬浮剂 15% tolfenpyrad SC	814	173.5	129.2～247.2	0.83±0.11	1.08(4)

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