• 中文核心期刊
  • CSCD来源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • CA、CABI、ZR收录期刊

茶园套种对灵芝生长和品质的影响

Growth and Quality of Ganoderma lucidum at Tea Plantations under Relay Cropping

  • 摘要:
      目的  探讨茶园套种对灵芝生长和品质的影响,为茶园套种灵芝的生产模式应用提供科学依据。
      方法  采用竖栽覆土和横栽覆土2种茶园套种灵芝仿野生栽培方式,分析比较2种茶园套种方式与常规室外荫棚覆土栽培方式之间灵芝的生长性能、商品性状及其品质的差异。
      结果  茶园套种模式下,灵芝可以正常出芝并生长发育成熟,其商品性状正常,但生长性能和商品性状均不如室外荫棚覆土栽培。与室外荫棚覆土栽培相比,竖栽覆土和横栽覆土2种茶园套种下的灵芝菌棒下地后生长时间分别慢25 、18 d,出芝率分别显著降低12.8%和14.5%(P<0.05),生物转化率分别降低10.48%和4.49%(P>0.05)。茶园套种时灵芝的多糖、总三萜和氨基酸等含量与室外荫棚覆土栽培均无显著性差异;竖栽覆土和横栽覆土的灵芝多糖含量为1.09%和1.08%,比荫棚覆土栽培的灵芝高9.90%和9.29%,总三萜含量为1.19%和1.21%,比荫棚覆土栽培的灵芝高11.48%和13.55%。
      结论  茶园生态环境条件下灵芝可以正常生长,茶园套种可提高灵芝的品质,但对生长性能和商品性状有一定的不利影响。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  Growth and quality of Ganoderma lucidum cultivated at fields under varied relay cropping methods were evaluated for the planting practice at tea plantations.
      Method  Under the vertical and horizontal cultivation modes of relay cropping, G. lucidum were grown to compare with the conventional greenhouse cultivation. The growth, commercial properties, and quality of the fungi were compared.
      Result  Under the relay cropping, G. lucidum grew to maturity, released spores, and gave commercial appearance similarly to the greenhouse cultivation. However, compared to the conventional planting, the vertical relay cropping method required 25 d longer to reach maturation with a significantly reduced germination rate by 12.8% and the biotransformation rate by 10.48%; while the horizontal method caused a 18 d delay in maturation with significantly declined rates of germination by 14.5% and biotransformation by 4.49%. On the other hand, the contents of polysaccharides, total triterpenes, and amino acids in G. lucidum were with no significant difference with the greenhouse cultivation. The polysaccharide content of the vertical relay cropped G. lucidum was 1.09%, which was a 9.90% higher than that of control; and, that of the horizontal relay cropped G. lucidum was 1.08%, which was a 9.29% higher. The vertical relay cropping produced 1.19% triterpenes in the fruiting body, which was an increase of 11.48% over control; while the horizontal cultivation delivered 1.21% with an increase of 13.55% over control.
      Conclusion  Although relay cropping G. lucidum with tea bushes in a plantation hindered the growth of the fungi with somewhat reduced commercial appeal, it improved the quality of the fungal product.

     

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