• 中文核心期刊
  • CSCD来源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • CA、CABI、ZR收录期刊

福建省有机肥中养分和重金属含量特征

Nutrient and Heavy Metal Contents in Organic Fertilizers Produced in Fujian

  • 摘要:
      目的  分析福建省有机肥中养分和重金属含量,了解福建省有机肥的总体质量状况。
      方法  于2019年7—9月期间,在福建南平、漳州、龙岩、三明和福州等5个地区收集有机肥样品50份,分析有机肥中养分和重金属含量特征,比较不同原料来源有机肥中养分和重金属含量差异。
      结果  依据现行的NY 525—2012有机肥料标准,在采集的福建有机肥中,pH、有机质、氮磷钾总量和水分含量不符合率分别为8%、10%、28%和32%;重金属Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As均有检出,但不存在超标现象。不同原料来源的有机肥,生物有机肥中的全钾及氮磷钾总量显著高于其他原料配方形成的有机肥;除Hg外,其他重金属含量均以畜禽粪便为原料形成的有机肥较高,生物有机肥中的重金属含量最低;不同畜禽粪便为原料形成的有机肥,猪粪肥中的全氮、全磷及氮磷钾总量均显著高于鸡粪肥和羊粪肥;对重金属而言,Cr含量以猪粪肥最高,其次是鸡粪肥、羊粪肥;Pb、Cd、Hg、As含量以鸡粪肥最高,且鸡粪肥中的As含量显著高于以羊粪和猪粪为原料形成的有机肥。
      结论  本研究所收集的福建省有机肥样品没有重金属超标现象,但养分含量不达标,水分含量超标比例较高,氮磷钾总量不足问题较突出,生产上需要特别注意氮磷钾养分的需求平衡。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  A survey was conducted to determine the quality of the commercial organic fertilizers produced in Fujian.
      Method  Fifty representative organic fertilizers were sampled in areas of Nanping, Zhangzhou, Longyan, Sanming, and Fuzhou during July to September 2019. Contents of nutrients and heavy metals of the specimens were determined.
      Result  According to the national standards for organic fertilizers in China NY 525—2012, 8% of the samples failed to meet the standard on pH, 10% on organic matters, 28% on total NPK, and 32% on moisture content. Heavy metals, including Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, and As, were detected in all samples but did not exceed the safety limits. The organic fertilizers made of biomass were significantly higher on K and total nutrients (NPK) than other organic ingredients. Those of livestock manure-origins were higher on heavy metals, except Hg, than the others. The fertilizers made of pig manure were significantly higher in the contents of N, P and total nutrients than those made of chicken or sheep manure. Among the heavy metals, Cr was highest in the pig manure fertilizer, followed by the chicken and sheep manure fertilizers. And, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As were highest in the chicken manure fertilizer, which contained significantly more As than the sheep or pig counterparts.
      Conclusion  Heavy metals in the sampled organic fertilizers produced in the province did not exceed the national standards. However, the nutrient contents tended to be substandard, and the moisture content too high. The deficiency on NPK of these products was particularly alarming that proper measures should be implemented for adequate fertilization applications.

     

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