TOR抑制剂雷帕霉素对荔枝霜疫霉生长发育及自噬的影响

吕林; 杨成东; 张雪; 于戈; 陈泰旭; 陈庆河

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.011.010

TOR抑制剂雷帕霉素对荔枝霜疫霉生长发育及自噬的影响

Effect of TOR Inhibitor Rapamycin on Growth, Development, and Autophagy of Peronophythora litchii

摘要

摘要:
目的明确TOR（Target of Rapamycin）信号通路抑制剂雷帕霉素对荔枝霜疫霉生长发育、致病性及自噬的影响。
方法采用不同浓度的TOR抑制剂雷帕霉素处理荔枝霜疫霉菌，观察不同浓度雷帕霉素对荔枝霜疫霉的菌丝生长及形态、孢子囊产生数量、游动孢子释放和致病性的影响，并通过丹酰戊二胺（MDC）染色观察细胞自噬。
结果雷帕霉素处理后，荔枝霜疫霉的菌丝生长明显受到抑制，半最大效应浓度（EC₅₀）值为29.18 ng·mL⁻¹，随着雷帕霉素浓度的增加，菌丝生长抑制不同程度增加；当雷帕霉素深度为25.0 ng·mL⁻¹时，菌落生长抑菌率为45.3%，孢子囊产生数量为8.0×10⁴ 个·mL⁻¹，仅为对照组的27.9%；雷帕霉素处理能促进游动孢子的释放；同时严重影响荔枝霜疫霉菌的致病性。通过自噬体观察表明，雷帕霉素处理后荔枝霜疫霉菌丝中自噬体的数量显著增加，促进荔枝霜疫霉的细胞自噬。
结论 TOR抑制剂雷帕霉素通过调控荔枝霜疫霉的细胞自噬，从而影响病菌的生长发育及致病性，研究结果为荔枝霜疫霉的致病机制提供科学依据。

Abstract:
Objective Effects of the target of rapamycin (TOR) inhibitor rapamycin on the growth, development, pathogenicity, and autophagy of Peronophythora litchi were studied.
Method The mycelial growth, sporangial production, zoospore release, and pathogenicity of the P. litchi after being treated by the TOR inhibitor rapanmycin in varying concentrations were determined, while the mycelial autophagy observed under a microscope with MDC staining.
Result Rapamycin exhibited significant inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of P. litchii with an EC₅₀ value of 29.18 ng·mL⁻¹ and varying extents of increases with higher dosages. When treated with 25.0 ng·mL⁻¹ rapamycin, the inhibition rate was 45.3% and the sporulation at 8.0×10⁴ sporangia·mL⁻¹ (which was 27.9% of control), while the zoospore release increased, but the virulence of P. litchii significantly reduced. The MDC-stained autophagosomes significantly increased as well.
Conclusion The TOR signaling pathway inhibitor rapamycin played an important role in the mycelial growth, development, and virulence of P. litchii.

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