不同病毒侵染种根对太子参生长及产量和品质的影响

王丁; 郑伯琴; 张余; 曾令锋; 王振华; 叶祖云

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.01.009

不同病毒侵染种根对太子参生长及产量和品质的影响

Growth, Yield, and Quality of Pseudostellaria heterophylla Affected by Different Viruses Infecting Seed Roots

摘要

摘要:
目的探明不同病毒对太子参生长、产量及品质的影响。
方法以柘参2号为试验材料，采用RT-PCR分子鉴定方法筛选出只携带一种常见病毒、携带两种常见病毒和不带病毒的太子参个体，经扩繁后，在田间使用随机区组的方法种植，探讨不同种类病毒对太子参的生长、产量和品质的影响。
结果与未带病毒的植株相比，同时感染芜菁花叶病毒和蚕豆萎蔫病毒的植株总叶绿素含量、净光合速率和地上部株高分别降低了24%、33%和26%，单位面积的块根产量、浸出物含量和多糖含量分别降低了77.5%、76.2%和87.3%；而仅感染蚕豆萎蔫病毒的植株与未带病毒的植株相比，总叶绿素含量、净光合速率、地上部株高、块根产量、浸出物含量和多糖含量均无显著性差异。
结论芜菁花叶病毒显著抑制太子参的生长，降低了太子参产量和品质，而蚕豆萎蔫病毒的影响不显著，在太子参脱病毒培养和脱毒苗的生产应用中应优先去除芜菁花叶病毒。

Abstract:
Objective Effects on the photosynthesis, tuber yield, and tuber quality of Pseudostellaria heterophylla plants induced by infecting viruses were examined.
Methods Identified by RT-PCR, virus-free P. heterophylla Zhenshen 2 plants and those infected by turnip mosaic virus (TMV) and/or broad bean wilt virus (BBWV) were propagated in the field in a random block experiment. Leaf photosynthesis as well as yield and quality of the medicinal roots of the plants were measured.
Results The total chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and height of the plants infected by both TMV and BBWV were 24%, 33%, and 26%, respectively, and the tuber yield, water-soluble extracts, and polysaccharides on a per unit area basis 77.5%, 76.2%, and 87.3%, respectively, lower than those of the virus-free counterparts. But no significant effects on any of those monitored properties were detected in the plants infected by BBWV alone.
Conclusion Unlike BBWV, TMV infection on P. heterophylla significantly reduced the photosynthesis, tuber yield, and tuber quality of the plants. Thus, it was imperative to avoid TMV contamination in handling P. heterophylla seedlings.

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