樟芝-太子参双向液体发酵培养基优化及效应分析

赵生月; 吴小环; 姜春玲; 张余; 郑世仲; 刘盛荣; 叶祖云

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.01.010

樟芝-太子参双向液体发酵培养基优化及效应分析

Formulation of Antrodia camphorata Culture Medium Incorporated with Pseudostellaria heterophylla By-product

摘要

摘要:
目的有效利用太子参根须副产物资源，提高樟芝（Antrodia camphorata）菌丝产量，促进活性成分合成。
方法以太子参根须（粉末）作为培养基组分，Plackett-Burman试验筛选影响樟芝菌丝生长的关键成分，正交试验优化培养基组成。
结果筛选试验结果表明，葡萄糖、酵母粉、蛋白胨及KH₂PO₄对樟芝菌丝生长有重要影响，正交试验优化的培养基组成为：太子参6 g·L⁻¹，葡萄糖10 g·L⁻¹，酵母粉4 g·L⁻¹，蛋白胨6 g·L⁻¹，KH₂PO₄ 1.5 g·L⁻¹。利用优化培养基深层发酵，樟芝生物量达到4.73 g·L⁻¹，与对照培养基及PDB培养基相比，胞内三萜含量分别提高2.75%和24.85%，胞外多糖分别提高161.11%和113.64%；发酵液中高密度无性孢子含量达1.8×10⁷ 个·mL⁻¹。
结论太子参适合作为樟芝双向液体发酵的药性成分，可有效促进樟芝菌丝生长、活性成分合成和无性孢子形成，是太子参根须副产物资源利用新途径。

Abstract:
Objective To utilize a Pseudostellaria heterophylla by-product for increasing Antrodia camphorata yield and bio-effectiveness, formulation of a culture medium was optimized.
Methods Powder of P. heterophylla fine roots was included in formulating a medium to maximize the mycelial growth of A. camphorata by a Plackett-Burman orthogonal experimental design.
Results In addition to 6 g·L⁻¹ of P. heterophylla powder, the medium was optimized to contain the ingredients critical to the mushroom growth, which included glucose 10 g·L⁻¹, yeast extract 4 g·L⁻¹, peptone 6 g·L⁻¹, and KH₂PO₄1.5 g·L⁻¹. The A. camphorata culture on the formulated medium produced 4.73 g·L⁻¹ biomass, which yielded 2.75% more intracellular triterpenoids than control and 24.85% more than PDB medium, and 161.11% more exopolysaccharides than control and 113.64% more than PDB medium. The fermentation broth also contained a high asexual spore at a density of 1.8×10⁷ spores·mL⁻¹.
Conclusion P. heterophylla root powder could plausibly be added to the medium for A. camphorate culture as it promoted the mycelial growth, bioactive constituents yield, and asexual spore production of the mushroom.

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