• 中文核心期刊
  • CSCD来源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • CA、CABI、ZR收录期刊

外源褪黑素对低温逆境下三角梅生理特性和细胞壁组分的影响

Effects of Melatonin Application on Physiology and Cell Wall of Bougainvillea Plant under Cold Stress

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  研究褪黑素对低温逆境下三角梅生理生化及细胞壁组分的调控作用，为缓解低温对三角梅生长造成的不利影响提供理论依据。
      方法  以不同耐冷性的3个三角梅品种安格斯、口红、变色龙为供试材料，在4 ℃低温下对三角梅植株叶面施加不同浓度（0、50、100、150 µmol·L–1）的外源褪黑素，测定各处理组生长0、7、14、21 d的叶面积、叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量（Fv/Fm）、表观电子传递速率（ETR）、光化学猝灭系数（qP）、非光化学猝灭系数（qN）、抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、膜脂过氧化产物超氧阴离子（O2−）产生速率、过氧化氢（H2O2）含量、渗透调节物质可溶性糖（SS）、可溶性蛋白（SP）含量、细胞壁组分螯合型果胶（CSP）、碱溶性果胶（SSP）、半纤维素（HC）和纤维素（CE）含量。
      结果  低温逆境下三角梅的正常生长发育受阻，叶绿素荧光参数失衡，膜脂过氧化加剧，细胞壁组分受到影响。而施加100 µmol·L–1的褪黑素能够有效地提升三角梅的生理活性，改善植株萎蔫程度，Fv/Fm与ETR降幅减小；抗氧化酶活性显著增加，强耐冷型品种安格斯较于0 d的SOD、POD、CAT最大可增加96.45%、104.35%、73.11%；H2O2含量、O2−生成速率对比同周期MT0最多下降21.07%、26.85%；细胞壁组分中CSP、SSP上升幅度增加，较于0 d最多可上涨22.55%、43.08%。
      结论  明确了外源褪黑素在生理特性方面对不同品种三角梅冷害的调控作用，外源施加适宜浓度的褪黑素可以有效缓解低温对三角梅生长的抑制，减轻光系统损伤，增强抗氧化酶活性，减缓膜脂氧化，并调节细胞壁各组分含量以维持其结构整体稳定，从而降低低温伤害，为探索褪黑素对冷害下植物的调控作用提供新思路。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  Effects of melatonin application on plant physiology and biochemistry as well as cell wall components of Bougainvillea plants under low temperature were studied.
      Method   Bougainvillea leaves were sprayed with melatonin solutions in the concentrations of 0, 50, 100, and 150 µmol·L–1 at 4 ℃. Leaf area, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters at the optimal/maximal quantum yield of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm), apparent electron transfer rate (ETR), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), membrane lipid peroxidation products at the production rate of superoxide anion (O2−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, osmotic adjustment soluble sugar (SS) and soluble protein (SP) as well as cell wall components including chelate pectin (CSP), alkali-soluble pectin (SSP), hemicellulose (HC), and cellulose (CE) of the plants were monitored weekly for 3 consecutive weeks from the beginning of treatments (MT0).
      Result  At 4 ℃, the growth and development of Bougainvillea plants was hindered showing unbalanced chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, intensified membrane lipid peroxidation, and altered cell wall composition. The spray of 100 µmol·L−1 melatonin significantly enhanced the physiological activity, reduced wilting, Fv/Fm and ETR, increased activities of SOD, POD, and CAT (e.g., by 96.45%, 104.35%, and 73.11%, respectively, in Elizabeth Angus), decreased H2O2 content by 21.07% and O2− production rate by 26.85%, and raised CSP by 22.55% and SSP by 43.08% in the cell wall over those at MT0.
      Conclusion  Melatonin regulated the physiology of Bougainvillea plants and effectively mitigated the growth inhibition by cold stress. The spray reduced the damage to the photosystem, enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity, retard the membrane lipid oxidation, and stabilize the cell wall of the plant suggesting a potential treatment for preventing serious harms by temperature decline in winter.

     

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