紫芝体细胞不亲和性与遗传差异分析

蒋晓涵; 杨春艳; 王车昭; 刘新锐

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.05.006

紫芝体细胞不亲和性与遗传差异分析

Somatic Incompatibility and Genetic Differences among Strains of Ganoderma sinense

摘要

摘要:
目的评价不同紫芝（Ganoderma sinense）菌株间体细胞不亲和反应与遗传差异的关系，为应用体细胞不亲和性评价紫芝菌株间的遗传差异提供依据。
方法以7个不同交配基因型的紫芝单核体为亲本，应用单向或者双向核迁移技术构建双核体菌株；通过在PDA培养基配对检测双核体菌株间的体细胞不亲和性，并采用ISSR、RAPD和SRAP 3种分子标记综合分析双核体菌株间的遗传差异。
结果构建了5类遗传背景清晰的不同双核体菌株11个，它们之间的体细胞不亲性反应分为亲和、不亲和，其中不亲和反应出现隔离区、隔离区带线状和类似墙式结构的3种类型；3种分子标记综合分析显示，11个菌株间的遗传相似系数0.29～0.97，UPMGA聚类树状图能很好地展示11个双核体菌株间的遗传差异，并与亲本来源相一致。
结论紫芝菌株间的体细胞不亲性反应主要受细胞核的影响，而细胞质的影响极小，并且紫芝菌株间的体细胞不亲性反应类型与菌株间的遗传差异相对应，在以后的紫芝种质资源遗传差异评价中，可应用操作简便的体细胞不亲和性进行初步分析。

Abstract:
Objective Somatic incompatibility (SI) and genetic differences among Ganoderma sinense strains were studied.
Method DikaryonG. sinense strains were generated from 7 monokaryon parents by uni- or bi-directional nuclear migration. On a PDA medium, SI between the dikaryon strains was tested, and genetic differentiations examined using ISSR, RAPD, and SRAP molecular markers.
Result Eleven dikaron strains of 5 distinctive genetic types showing a gap, a gap with line, or a wall-like SI were obtained. The combined genetic similarity coefficients of the ISSR, RAPD, and SRAP molecular markers on the strains ranged from 0.29 to 0.97. The UPMGA clustering of the strains corresponded to that of the parents.
Conclusion The SI among the G. sinense strains were mainly associated with the nucleus rather than the cytoplasm. Since the SI types largely paralleled the genetic differences of the dikaron strains, SI determination could be conveniently applied to preliminarily study the genetics of a G. sinense strain.

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