• 中文核心期刊
  • CSCD来源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • CA、CABI、ZR收录期刊

薄壳种油棕果实采后脂质成分转录代谢差异分析

Differentiation in Post-harvest Lipid Metabolism of Oil Palm Fruits

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探究薄壳种油棕果实采后阶段脂质合成和积累的机制。
    方法 选用采后不同处理时间的薄壳型油棕果实授粉后185 d刚采摘的鲜果（T1）、采收后24 h（T2）、采收后36 h（T3），结合液相色谱-串联质谱法（Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS/MS）和RNA测序（RNA sequencing, RNA-seq）技术，对各脂质代谢物和差异表达基因在酸败过程中的动态变化进行测定和分析。
    结果 在采后不同处理时间的果实脂质中共鉴定出5个脂质大类、23个脂质亚类，520个脂质单体分子。联合分析结果表明，乙醛脱氢酶（aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1, ALDH7A1; Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family, ALDH2）、单酰甘油脂肪酶（Monoacylglycerol lipase, MGL）和磷脂酶A1（Phospholipase A1, PLA1）与二酰基甘油三甲基高丝氨酸（Diacylglycerol trimethylhomoserine, DGTS）、磷脂酸（Phosphatidic acid, PA）、磷脂酰肌醇（Phosphatidylinositol, PI)、磷脂酰胆碱（Phosphatidylcholine, PC）、磷脂酰甘油（Phosphatidylglycerol, PG）、磷脂酰乙醇胺（Phosphatidylethanolamine, PE）等甘油磷脂类物质分别均呈显著负相关，与棕榈酸等游离脂肪酸呈显著正相关；甘油磷酸二酯磷酸二酯酶（Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase domain containing 1, GDPD1）、脂磷酸磷酸酶（Lipid phosphate phosphatase, LPP）和二半乳糖甘油酯合成酶（Digalactosyldiacylglycerolsynthase1, DGD1）与DGTS、PA、PI、PC、PG、PE等甘油磷脂类物质呈显著正相关，与棕榈酸等游离脂肪酸呈显著负相关；MGL与单甘油酯（Monoglyceride, MG）和亚油酸（Linoleic acid, LA）呈极显著正相关，与神经酰胺（Ceramide, Cer）呈显著负相关；DGD1和LPP与MG和LA呈极显著负相关，与Cer呈显著正相关。
    结论 ALDH7A1、ALDH2、PLA1、MGL可能抑制甘油磷脂类物质的合成，促进棕榈酸等脂肪酸物质的合成；DGD1、LPP和GDP1可能促进甘油磷脂类物质的合成，抑制棕榈酸等脂肪酸物质的合成。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  Mechanism and accumulation of lipid synthesis in thin-shelled oil palm fruits was investigated for breeding of variety resistant to fat rancidity.
    Method  Fruits of thin-shelled oil palm freshly harvested 185d after pollination (T1), 24h post-harvest (T2), and 36h post-harvest (T3) were collected for LC-MS/MS and RNA-seq determination and analysis on lipid metabolites and differentially expressed genes in mesocarp of oil palm fruits as the lipid oxidation taking place.
    Result  In the fruit development, 5 lipid classes, 23 lipid subclasses, and 520 monomer molecules in mesocarp of the oil palm fruits were identified. It is well known that the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a lipid oxidation and the hydrolyzed glycerophosphate choline (GPC) affects PC, lipophosphatase (LPP) promotes synthesis of phosphates and glycerophospholipids, and the expression of chlorophyll relates to chlorophyll content. This study found that the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH7A1 and ALDH2), monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), phospholipase A1 (PLA1), and glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (GDPD1) significantly negatively correlated with glycerophospholipids, such as diacylglycerol trimethyl homoserine (DGTS), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), but significantly positively correlated with palmitic acid, while GDPD1, LPP, and digalactosylglycerol synthase (DGD1) significantly positively correlated with the glycerophospholipids, such as DGTS, PA, PI, PC, PG, PE, but negatively correlated with palmitic acid, whereas MGL monoglyceride (MG) extremely significantly positively correlated with linoleic acid (LA) but significantly negatively correlated with ceramide (Cer), and DGD1 and LPP significantly negatively correlated with MG and LA, but significantly positively correlated with Cer.
    Conclusion  It appeared that ALDH7A1, ALDH2, PLA1, and MGL inhibited the glycerophospholipids synthesis but promoted the synthesis of fatty acids such as palmitic acid, while DGD1, LPP, and GDP1 enhanced the synthesis of glycerophospholipids but retarded that of palmitic and other fatty acids.

     

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