Abstract: Breeding cold-resistant crop varieties is very important for agriculture. Crop varieties resistant to low temperature can be bred hy means of plant genetic engineering without influencing the plant’s yield and quality. There are two kinds of genes being used in plant cold-resistant genetic engineering:plant cold-resistant relative genes and fish antifreeze protein genes. In this paper, the structure and the cold-resistant mechanism of these genes were reviewed,the results and advances of study on these genes were intrduced,the future study and application of them were predicted.