Abstract: A continuous 5-year demonstration in large area showed that,the annual fish product in artifi-cial biosphere of paddy field was averaged to 250kg/Mu,grain yield was 4%-6% higher,fertilizer-ap-plying amount decreased 50%-60%,pesticide dosage reduced 50% to compare with conventional crop-ping system,and the economic benefit was obviously higher than the traditional farming system,such as mono-cropping rice,seed-producing for hybrid rice and double cropping rice. The authors considered that,Keypoints for increasing the output and income of New Cropping System were mix-culture of var-ious azolla species,self-multiplication of fingerlings by farmers,standarization of field ditch-pit system and normalization of field-managing practices.The significance of artificial biosphere for improving bio-logical and social benefits was also discussed.