Abstract: Effects of seed manure,seedling fertilization,rhizobia inoculation and their combinations on the yield,organic carbon,nutrient uptake/accumulation of milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.)were studied in yellow-clay paddy fields.The results indicated that the fertilization significantly increased the stalk length and amount of root nodules of the milk vetch as compared to the control.The fresh grass output was most significantly increased by 81.2%-162.6%,and the dry matters output significantly increased by 45.8%-101.1%.The organic carbon and nutrient accumulations increased ranging from 51.6%-99.4% and 54.4%-105.3%,respectively.The fertilization with the mixture of the seed manure(calcium magnesium phosphate 75 kgm-2)and PK seedling fertilizer(calcium magnesium phosphate 375 kgm-2+ potassium chloride 90 kgm-2)increased the fresh grass,dry matters,organic carbon and nutrient accumulations by 42.1%,37.9%,31.5% and 29.5%,respectively,as compared to the control.The mixture of the seed manure and P seedling fertilizer improved the results as well.On the other hand,rhizobia inoculation with the fertilization did not enhance the nutrient accumulation.It was found that increased phosphorus and potassium could effectively improve the yield and nutrient uptake/accumulation of the milk vetch in the current fertility level of yellow paddy field.