• 中文核心期刊
  • CSCD来源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • CA、CABI、ZR收录期刊

烟稻复种下水稻不同钾肥运筹对烟草氯含量的影响

The effects of different potassium fertilizer management of rice on tobacco quality under tobacco-rice double cropping system

  • 摘要:
    目的 探究烟稻复种模式下水稻钾肥运筹对土壤氯离子含量、烟草氯含量以及烤烟品质的影响,以期优化烟稻复种体系的施肥管理,提升烟叶品质。
    方法 在稻季进行钾肥研究,双因素随机区组试验设计。在钾肥施用量不变的情况下,分别设置氯化钾含量为0(C0)、50%(C1)和100%(C2)3个处理,氯化钾相应施用量分别为0、90、180 kg·hm−2;钾肥施用时期设置3个处理:F1为基蘖肥完全施用,F2为基蘖肥与穗肥施用各半,F3为基蘖肥全施加穗肥施叶面肥。
    结果 在烟稻复种模式中,钾肥中氯化钾的比例和施肥方式不会对水稻产量产生显著影响。C1、C0处理下稻后土壤含氯量分别为32.64 mg·kg−1 和29.71 mg·kg−1,显著低于C2(40.08 mg·kg−1)。C1和C0烤烟含氯量分别为0.34%、0.26%,显著低于C2(0.43%)。F3、F1处理稻后土壤含氯量分别为28.97 、30.45 mg·kg−1,显著低于F2(43.00 mg·kg−1)。F3、F1烤烟含氯量分别为0.32%、0.32%,显著低于F2(0.38%)。F1、F3感官品吸质量得分分别为70.3、72.72,显著高于F2(66.94)。因此在稻季减少氯化钾的施用量和钾肥前施可以显著降低土壤和后茬烟叶氯离子含量,提高烤烟品质。穗肥增施叶面肥(F3)有提高水稻产量的趋势,而且烤烟感官品吸质量得分明显高于未增施叶面肥的F1、F2
    结论 在稻季施用氯化钾含量50%的钾肥(C1),并全部作为基蘖肥施用,再结合穗肥使用叶面肥,可以在保证水稻生产效益的前提下有效控制土壤中氯的残留和烤烟含氯量,保障后茬烟草的品质。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective In order to optimize the fertilization management of tobacco rice multiple cropping system and improve the quality of tobacco leaves, the effects of potassium fertilizer management on soil chloride ion content, tobacco chlorine content and flue-cured tobacco quality were explored under the multiple cropping mode of tobacco rice.
    Method Potash fertilizer study in rice season, two-way randomized block trial design. The potassium chloride contents were 0 (C0), 50% (C1) and 100% (C2), and the corresponding application rates were 0, 90 and 180 kg·hm−2. Different treatments during the application of potassium fertilizer: F1 was the complete application of basal tillering fertilizer, F2 was half of the basal tillering fertilizer and half of the panicle fertilizer, and F3 was the full application of panicle and foliar fertilizer of the basal tiller.
    Result In the multiple cropping mode of tobacco rice, the proportion of potassium chloride in potassium fertilizer and the fertilization method did not have a significant effect on rice yield. Soil chlorine content of rice after C1 and C0 treatments was 32.64 mg·kg−1 and 29.71 mg·kg−1, significantly lower than that of C2 (40.08 mg·kg−1).The chlorine content of C1 and C0 flue-cured tobacco was 0.34% and 0.26%, respectively, which was significantly lower than that of C2 (0.43%). The chlorine content of F3 and F1 treated rice was 28.97、30.45 mg·kg−1, significantly lower than that of F2 (43.00 mg·kg−1).The chlorine content of F3 and F1 flue-cured tobacco was 0.32% and 0.32%, respectively, which was significantly lower than that of F2 (0.38%). The sensory quality scores of F1 (70.3) and F3 (72.72) were significantly higher than those of F2 (66.94). Therefore, reducing the application rate of potassium chloride and the pre-application of potassium fertilizer in the rice season can significantly reduce the chloride ion content of soil and tobacco leaves in the later crop, and improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco. The application of foliar fertilizer (F3) with panicle fertilizer increased the yield of rice, and the sensory quality score of flue-cured tobacco was significantly higher than that of F1 and F2 without foliar fertilizer.
    Conclusion By selecting potassium fertilizer (C1) with potassium chloride content of 50% in the rice season, moving the application time forward, and combining with the use of foliar fertilizer (F3), the chlorine residue in the soil can be effectively controlled under the premise of ensuring the production efficiency of rice, and the quality of tobacco in the subsequent crop can be guaranteed.

     

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