压榨脱水中水葫芦氮磷钾养分损失研究

Losses in nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of water hyacinth dehydrated by mechanical press

摘要: 以水葫芦为试验材料,经机械粉碎,在0～12 MPa的压力条件下,研究了水葫芦脱水效果及脱水过程中水葫芦氮、磷、钾等养分的损失,结果表明,随着压力由0增加至12 MPa时,水葫芦含水率由初始的9.72%降低至68.90%,脱水率高达91.27%,其干物质损失率为29.31%.水葫芦中氮、磷、钾等养分在液相中的比例随挤压压力增加而增加;当压力为12 MPa时,挤压残渣中氮、磷、钾养分的损失率分别为52.28%、7.83%、8.83%,各养分损失与其在水葫芦中的存在形态密切相关,养分游离性越高,其损失率越高.

Abstract: An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of dehydration by mechanical press on water removal and NPK losses.The results showed that when the pressure increased from 0 MPa to 12MPa,the moisture content was reduced from 94.72% to 68.90%.The dehydration rate was up to 91.27% and the dry matter loss was up to 29.31%.The leached NPK increased as the pressure increased.Under a pressure up to 12MPa,the maximum losses in NPK were 52.28%,47.83% and 84.83%,respectively.The rates of loss on different nutrients were: total N(Kjeldahl nitrogen)(71.00%)> inorganic nitrogen(42.97%),water-soluble P(68.90%) > organic P(45.03%) and water-soluble K(84.75%).The nutrient losses in water hyacinth under the mechanical press were closely related to the nutrients' water solubility.