摘要:
对翠冠、清香、雪青、玉冠、黄金梨等5个品种的调查研究表明,在正常疏花疏果栽培条件下,梨果实发生偏斜现象较普遍,平均斜果率为46.02%,品种间存在一定差异,其中黄金梨斜果率最低,为33.57%,其次为清香(43.78%);黄金梨、清香与翠冠、玉冠、雪青等3个品种相比,差异分别达极显著、显著水平,翠冠、玉冠、雪青等3品种之间差异不明显。梨果形偏斜现象自幼果迅速膨大期初期就开始发生,偏斜果已大量存在,梨果实偏斜指数变化可分为缓慢增大、迅速增大、相对平稳等3个阶段,幼果发育初期端正是果实在后续发育过程保持对称生长的基础,果实由顶生状转向下垂状易位过程是控制果实非对称生长的关键时期。
Abstract:
Shape deformation of the fruits of Cuiguan, Qingxiang, Xueqing, Yuguan and Huangjin pears was investigated. The results showed that the irregularity occurred commonly at an average defective rate of 46.02% and varied with varieties in the flower- and fruit-thinning cultivation. For instance, the defective rate for Huangjin was the lowest (33.57%) followed by Qingxiang (43.78%). Compared with Cuiguan, Yuguan and Xueqing,the deflective fruit rates of Huangjin and Qingsiang were lower,the difference were extremely significant and significant respectively. On the other hand, there was no difference on the shape deformation among Cuiguan, Yuguan and Xueqing pears. The deformation appeared to start during enlarging of the young fruits, and a considerable number of deformed fruits had already existed by then. The pear deformation developed in three stages, namely, the slow growth, rapid expansion and relative stability.The good shape of young fruit in the early developing is the base of keeping growing symmetrically in the follow-up development.The progression from upward growth to downward is the crucial period of controlling fruit growing unsymmetrically.
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