摘要:
为解决番木瓜生产中因高温使两性株产生花性向雄花转变、引起间断结果现象、导致减产的问题,2007~2009年每年的7、8月间,对红妃品种的两性株采用4种栽培技术处理,即树盘覆盖湿稻草或新鲜青草降温,覆盖降温的同时,采用花序修剪、主茎环割、覆盖修剪环割等技术,探讨了不同栽培技术措施对番木瓜两性株高温变性的抑制效应。结果显示,与对照相比,4种处理均能有效地抑制番木瓜两性株的高温变性和雄花数量的增加现象,增加了高温时的结果数,减少了两性株间断结果的发生。在4个处理中,综合处理效果最为明显,与单项或双项处理相比,对番木瓜两性株高温变性的抑制效应达到极显著水平,而各项处理也达到显著水平;处理植株中间断结果现象不明显。
关键词:
-
番木瓜
/
-
两性株
/
-
性别转换
/
-
间断结果
/
-
高温
/
-
栽培技术
Abstract:
Papaya, Carica papaya L., is one of the major fruits in the tropical and subtropical regions.Hermaphroditic variety is generally preferred for commerce as its more desirable fruit shape and quality can bring higher profitability.However, the plants gender expression can be affected by ambient temperature.At elevated temperatures, the plant tends to produce male flowers with intermittent fruiting, resulting in decreased yields.In order to search for remedy to overcome the problem, four treatments were tested on hermaphroditic papaya trees during the months of July and August in the years from 2007 to 2009. The treatments included (1) mulching under the tree with wet straw or fresh grass, (2) pruning inflorescence, (2) ring-girdling on trunk, and (4) combining the above three methods.The results showed that all treatments significantly repressed the gender alteration, decreased the numbers of male flowers and intermittent fruiting, and increased the number of fruits on the trees, as compared with the control.However, among the 4 treatments, the combination of 3 methods appeared to be the best, as it was most effective in completely suppressing the intermittent fruiting at high temperature.
下载:
