Abstract: The resistance evaluation of 15 rice new varieties to rice false smut and rice neck blast disease was tested in Fujian Province by using methods of artificial injected inoculation in greenhouse and natural inducing in field, respectively. The evaluation results of rice resistance to false smut in greenhouse showed that 3 varieties were middle resistance (MR), such as ‘FJZD10-5’,‘FJZD10-8’, 4 varieties for middle sensibility (MS) and 8 varieties for sensibility (S). However, the results of rice resistance to false smut in field showed 11 varieties for middle resistance (MR), such as ‘FJZD10-2’,‘FJZD10-3’, and 4 varieties for middle sensibility (MS). The evaluation results of rice resistance to neck blast in field showed that 7 varieties were middle resistance (MR), such as ‘FJZD10-6’,‘FJZD10-7’, and 4 varieties for middle sensibility(MS) and 4 varieties for sensibility (S). The frequency of rice varieties co-infected by rice false smut and neck blast in tested field of Jianyang,Ninghua and Fu'an were 100%, 73.33% and 73.33% respectively. Among the 15 rice varieties, no any variety showed resistance to both rice false smut and neck blast disease.